CCNP Routing 2.0学习指南（英文版）

AbouttheContributors
Acknowledgments
Preface
Introduction

1IPRoutingFundamentals
RoutingProtocolsandTheirPlacementintheIPSack
RoutingInformationProtocol
InteriorGatewayRoutingProtocol
EnhancedInteriorGatewayRoutingProtocol
OpenShortestPathFirstProtocol
Exercise1-1:RoutingProtocols
BorderGatewayProtocol
KeyInformationforRouterstoRouteData
WhatIsRouting?
RequirementforIPRouting
Exercisel-2:MakingIPRoutingWork
TheTwoMajorFunctionsofRouting
ComparingDistance-VectorProtocolstoLink-StateRoutingProtocols
Classfulvs.ClasslessRouting
Distance-VectorRoutingProtocolCharacteristics
Exercise1-3:ConfiguringIGRP
Link-StateRoutingProtocolCharacteristics
ConvergenceIssuesforIPRoutingProtocols
Two-MinuteDrill
Q&ASelfTest
LabQuestion
SelfTestAnswers
LabAnswer

2IPAddressingIssues
RequestsforCommentsDealingwithIPAddressingIssues
RFC950:IP.SubnetMasking
RFC1518:RouteSummarization
RFCs1519and2050:ClasslessInterdomainRouting
RFC1631:NetworkAddressTranslation
RFC1812:Variable-LengthSubnetMasks
B.FC1918:AddressAllocationforPrivateInternets
IPAddressing
IPAddressClasses
RFC1918:PrivateAddressSpace
SubnettingOverview
IssueswithIPAddressing
IPAddressingChoices
Exercise2.1:Subnetting
ReviewofComplexSubnetting
Variable-LengthSubnetMasking
Exercise2-2:ApplyingVLSM
RouteSummarization
WhatIsRouteSummarization?
ConsiderationsforSummarization
RulesforSummarization
RouteSummarizationWalkthrough
ClasslessInterdomainRouting
CIDRWalkthrough
Exercise2-3:Summarizing192.168.1.0through192.168.1O.0
Exercise2-4;CreatingaCIDRBlock
RelatedIPAddressingCommands
TheIPUNNUMBEREDCommand
TheIPHELPER-ADDRESSCommand
Exercise2-5:UsingtheIPHELPER-ADDRESSandIPFORWARD-PROTOCOLCommandstoForwardBroadcastsforDNS
Two-MinuteDrill
Q&ASelfTest
LabQuestion
SelfTestAnswers
LabAnswer

3OSPFOperationandConfigurationforaSingleOSPFArea
IntroductiontoOSPF
BenefitsofOSPFinComparisontoDVProtocols
Scalability
Flexibility
SummarizedAdvertisement
VISM
IncrementalRoutingUpdates
FasterRoutingConvergence
Exercise3-1:OSPFBenefits
OtherBenefits
DecisionMaking
TheCompletePicture
HowOSPFDiscovers,Chooses,andMaintainsRoutes
OSPFConcepts
Exercise3-2:OSPFTimers
OSPFNeighborRelationships
BuildinganOSPFNeighborRelationship
ElementsThatMustMatchforaNeighborRelationshiptoHappen
OSPFStatesinBuildingaNeighborRelationship
OSPFPacketTypes
LSATypes
ShortestPathFirstAlgorithmandRouteSelection
OSPFLSAPropagation
Walk-ThroughofanLSAThroughaDesignatedRouter
TheOSPFDecisionTreeWhenReceivinganLSA
ConfiguringOSPFinaSingleArea
TheROUTEROSPFCommand
TheNETWORKCommandandtheWildcardMask
OSPFSelectionofaRouterID
Exercise3-3:AddingNetworkstotheOSPFProcess
Trade-offsandtheLoopbackAddress
TheOSPFCOSTINTERFACECommand
MonitoringandVerifyingOSPFOperations
TheSHOWIPPROTOCOLSCommand
TheSHOWIPROUTECommand
TheSHOWIPOSPFINTERFACECommand
TheSHOWIPOSPFCommand
TheSHOWIPOSPFNEIGHBORCommand
TheSHOWIPOSPFNEIGHBORDETAILCommand
TheDEBUGIPOSPFADJCommand
Exercise3-4:ListingtheContentsofOSPFDatabases
Two-MinuteDrill
Q8eASelfTest
LabQuestion
SelfTestAnswers
LabAnswer

4OSPFBehaviorandCon8guratienforWideAreaNetwork
OSPFBehaviorOveraWANLink
OSPFBehavioronanHDLCorPPPLink
Exercise4-1:BasicOSPFConfiguration(SingleArea)
OSPFConfigurationandBehavioronaX.25Link
OSPFConfigurationandBehavioronBroadcastNetworks
TopologyChoicesforanNBMANetwork-Specifically,FrameRelay
FrameRelayandOSPF
OSPFNetworkTypesandNBMANetwork
FrameRelayLogicalInterfacesvs.PhysicalInterfaces
DRElectionsOverNBMANetwork
Standard-Based(RFC-Based)ImplementationandOperationofOSPFforallNB}vIANetwork
TheNonbroadcastMultiaccessCommandOption
ThePoint-to-MultipointCommandOption
Exercise4-2:Point-to-MultipointNetworksandOSPF
CiscoProprietaryModesofImplementationandOperationofOSPFforanNBMANetwork
TheNEIGHBORCommand
ThePOINT-TO-MULTIPOINTNONBROADCASTCommand
TheBROADCASTCommand
ThePOINT-TO-POINTCommand
Exercise4-3:APoint-to-MultipointNetworkWithoutBroadcastCapabilities
Two-MinuteDrill
Q&ASelfTest
LabQuestion
SelfTestAnswers
LabAnswer

5OSPFOperationsinaMultiareaNetwork
ScalabilityIssueswithaSingle-AreaOSPFNetwork
Exercise5-1:UsingaMultiareaDesigntoControlLSATraffic
DifferentiatingAmongtheTypeofAreas,Routers,andLSAsinanOSPFNetwork
FunctionalDescriptionsofRoutersinanOSPFNetwork
TypesofOSPFLink-StateAdvertisements
TypesofOSPFAreas
LSAPropagationAcrossaStandard-AreaOSPFNetwork
LSAPropagationAcrossaStabAreaandStandard-AreaOSPFNetwork
LSAPropagationAcrossaTotallyStubbyAreaandStandard,AreaOSPFNetwork
BenefitsofOSPFSummarization
Exercise5-2:TroubleshootingPoorBackbonePerformance
ConfiguringaMultiareaOSPFNetwork
TheOSPFNETWORKStatement
TheOSPFSTUBCommand
TheOSPFABRSUMMARIZATIONCommand
TheOSPFASBRSUMMARY-ADDRESSCommand
OSPFVirtualLink
Exercise5-3TroubleshootingtheNETWORKCommand
MonitoringandVerifyingOSPFOperations
Exercise5-4:TroubleshootingVirtualLink
Two-MinuteDrill
Q8eASelfTest
LabQuestion
SelfTestAnswers
LabAnswer

6EICRPOperationsandConfiguration
EnhancedIGRPFeaturesandOperations
EIGB.PandItsMajorFeatures
BenefitsofEIGRPinComparisontoOtherIPRoutingProtocols
EIGRPTerminology
BuildingEIGRPNeighborRelationships
EIGRPPacketTypes
TheNeighborTable
EIGRPReliability
InitialExchangeofPackets
EIGRPRouteSelectionandMetricCalculation
Exercise6-1:EIGRPMetricCalculation
TheDiffusingUpdateAlgorithm
TheDUALAlgorithm
FeasibleDistance
AdvertisedDistance
FeasibilityCondition
LoopAvoidance
Exercise6-2:ADUALScenario
BasicEIGRPConfiguration
TheROUTEREIGRPCommand
TheNETWORKStatement
Exercise6-3:BasicEIGRPConfiguration
MonitoringandVerifyingEIGRPOperations
ShowIPProtocolsCommand
ShowIPRouteCommand
SHOWmEIGRPNEIGHBORSCommand
SHOWmEIGRPTOPOLOGYCommand
SHOWIPEIGRPTRAFFICCommand
TheSHOWIPEIGRPEVENTSCommand
TheSHOWIPEIGRPINTERFACECommand
TheDEBUGEIGRPPACKETCommand
TheDEBUGEIGRPNEIGHBORCommand
TheDEBUGEIGRPFSMCommand
Exercise6-4:TroubleshootingEIGRPOperation
Two-MinuteDrill
Q8cASerTest
LabQuestion
SelfTestAnswers
LabAnswer

7AdvancedEICRPBehaviorandGonfiguration
ConsiderationsforaLarge-ScaleNetworkUsingEIGRP
UsingtheProperBandwidthfortheWANInterfaces
Exercise7-1:HowMetricsDictateTrafficPathsUsingEigrp
GoodAddressing
HierarchicalNetworkDesign
SufficientMemoryontheRouter
SufficientBandwidthonWANInterfacestoHandleUpdateTraffic
LimitingtheUpdateandQueryRange
EIGB.PIPAddressSummarization
DisablingAutomaticSummarization
EIGRPManualSummarization
EIGRPLoadBalancing
Exercise7-2:LoadBalancingUnequalCIR(CommittedInformationRate)
EIGRPWANOptimization
UsingBandwidthStatement
LimitingthePercentageofBandwidthEIGRPUses
Point-to-PointSubinterfaceswithCIRPerSubinterface
MultipointCircuitwithEqualCIRPerNeighbor
MultipointCircuitwithUnequalCIRPerNeighbor(NotRecommended)
MultipointCircuitwithUnequalCIRPerNeighbor(Recommended)
Exercise7.3:ConfiguringFrameRelay
EIGRPQueryIssues
TheEIGRPQueryProcess
LimitingtheScopeofUpdatesandQueryPropagation
Two-MinuteDrill
Q.8cASelfTest
LabQuestion
SelfTestAnswers
LabAnswer

8BGPBasicOperationsandConn8uration
AlternativestoBGP
WhenItIsAppropriatetoUseBGP
WhenItIsNotAppropriatetoUseBGP
StaticandDefaultRoutes
Exercise8-1:ReasonsforUsingandNotUsingBGP,andUsingaDefaultRoutewithBGP
UnderstandingtheBorderGatewayProtocol
WhatIsanExteriorRoutingProtocol?
BorderGatewayProtocolVersion4andHowItDiffersfromItsPredecessors
AnAutonomousSysteminRelationtoBGP
TheInternetandRouting
BGPTerminologyandCharacteristics
BGPPeering
WhatIsaBGPAttribute?
BGPAttributes
BGPSynchronization
BGPMessageTypes
BGPRouteSelectionProcess
Exercise8-2:IdentifyingMassageFormatsandPurposes
ConfiguringBasicBGP
TheROUTERBGPAUTONOMOUS-SYSTEMCommand
TheNETWORKStatementUnderRouterBGP
TheNEIGHBORCommand
BGPBasicConfiguration
TheNEIGHBOB.NEXT-HOP-SELFCommand
TheNOSYNCHRONIZAUONCommand
TheAGGREGATEADDRESSCommand
TheCLEARIPBGPCommand
BGPConfiguration
Exercise8.3:ResettingPeerConnections
MonitoringBGPOperations
TheSHOWIPPROTOCOLSCommand
TheSHOWIPROUTECommand
TheSHOWIPBGPNEIGHBORSCommand
TheSHOWIPBGPCommand
TheSHOWIPBGPSUMMARYCommand
TheDEBUGIPBGPUPDATESCommand
Exercise8-4:MonitoringBGP
Two-MinuteDrill
Q8eASelfTest
LabQuestion
SelfTestAnswers
LabAnswer

9BGPScalabilityIssues
SalabilityIssuesandSolutionswithiBGP
PeeringwithiBGPNeighbors
ContrastingiBGPBehaviortoanIGPMethodofPropagatingChanges
ScalabilityIssueswithiBGPNeighbors
RouteReflectorsasaScalabilitySolution
RouteReflectorTerminology
RouteReflectorDesignandMigrationTips
RouteReflectorOperations
RouteReflectorConfiguration
Exercise9.1:RouteReflectorRedundancy
VerifyingRouteReflectors
PolicyControl
DefiningPrefixLists
BenefitsofPrefixLists
PrefixListOperations
ConfiguringPrefixLists
Exercise9-2:PrefixListConfiguration
PrefixListExample
VerifyingPrefixLists
Multihoming
TypesofMultihoming
DefaultRoutesfromAllProviders
LimitedBGPTableandDefaultRoutefromEachProvider
FullBGPTablefromAIIProviders
BGPMetricCommands
Exercise9-3:CombiningMultihomingMethods
AMultihomingBGPConfigurationExample
RedistributionwithIGPs
NotifyingBGPofWhichNetworktoAdvertise
UsingtheNETWORKCommand
RedistributingStaticRoutesintoBGP
RedistributingDynamicRoutingProtocolsintoBGP
RedistributionofBGPintoaLocalRoutingProtocol
Exercise9-4:RedistributionofBGPintoIGP
ISPPolicyonRedistribution
EndAutonomousSystemsPolicyonRedistribution
Two-MinuteDrill
Q&ASelfTest
LabQuestion
SerTestAnswers
LabAnswer

1ORouteFilteringandRedisttribution
SelectingandConfiguringWaystoControlRouteupdateTraffic
WhentoUseRedistribution
RedistributionConsiderations
Exercise10-1:TheCaseoftheMissingRoutes
ConfiguringRouteBedistributionwithaSingleRedistributionGateway
SelectingtheCoreandEdgeRoutingProtocols
ConfiguringRedistributionintoRIP
ConfiguringRedistributionintoOSPF
ConfiguringRedistributionintoEIGRP
EIGRPandOSPFRedistributionExample
ConfiguringtheDEFAULT-METRIC
ConfiguringthePASSIVE-INTERFACECommand
ConfiguringStaticRoutes
Exercise10-2:TheCorrectFilter
ConfiguringRouteRedistributionwillMultipleRedistributionGateways
ResolvingPathSelectionProblemsResultingfromRedistribution
SolutionsforPathSelectionProblems
UsingRouteFiltering
UsingAdministrativeDistance
VerifyingRouteRedistribution
TheSHOWIPROUTECommand
Exercise10-4:SelectiveRouteDisplay
TheTRACEROUTECommand
Two-MinuteDrill
Q&ASelfTest
LabQuestion
SerTestAnswers
LabAnswer

11Policy-BasedRoutingandRouteNaps
UnderstandingPolicy-BasedRouting
DefiningPolicy-BasedRouting
ReasonstoUsePolicy-BasedRouting.
TypesofPolicy-BasedRouting
Exercise11-1:CreatingaPolicyRoutetoForcetheNext-HopAddress
OperationsofRouteMaps
DefiningRouteMaps
ComparisonBetweenRouteMapsandAccessLists
Exercise11-2:SettingtheDefaultNext-HopIPAddresswithaPolicyRoute
ConfiguringRouteMaps
CreatingaRoute-MapCommand
LinkingaRouteMaptoanInterface
Conclusion
Exercise11-3:UsingIPPolicyRoutingtoAssignaPhysicalInterfaceasaDefaultGateway
VerifyingRouteMaps
TheSHOWIPPOLICYCommand
TheSHOWROUTE-MAPCommand
Exercise11-4:UsingtheSHOWIPPOLICYandSHOWROUTE-MAPCommands
Two-MinuteDrill
Q&ASelfTest
LabQuestion
SelfTestAnswers
LabAnswer

AAbouttheCD
InstallingCertTrainer
SystemRequirements
CertTrainer
ExamSim
SavingScoresasCookies
E-Book
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Help
Upgrading
Glossary
Index