Forewordix
Prefacexi
AbouttheAuthorsxv
CHAPTER1TheNatureofInterculturalCommunication
Globalization4
Culture5
Enculturation8
Acculturation8
Ethnocentrism9
Norms,Rules,Roles,andNetworks10
SubculturesandSubgroups11
CommunicationBarriers11
InterculturalConstructs12
MultinationalManagementOrientations13
CHAPTER2UniversalSystems20
EconomicSystems20
PoliticalSystems23
EducationalSystems27
MarriageandFamilySystems31
SocialHierarchiesandSocialInteraction35
CHAPTER3ContrastingCulturalValues43
SemanticDifferences45
AttributionandPerception46
AttitudesTowardWomen47
WorkAttitudes49
AttitudesTowardEthics51
ReligiousInfluences53
IndividualismandCollectivism54
CHAPTER4CulturalShock62
StagesofCulturalShock65
AlleviatingCulturalShock67
AspectsofCulturalShock72
RelationshipsandFamilyConsiderations75
PublicandPrivateSelf75
CHAPTER5Language81
High-andLow-ContextLanguage82
LanguageDiversity83
SlangandOtherInformalLanguage84
FormsofVerbalInteraction85
LinearandNonlinearLanguage86
VocabularyEquivalence87
ParablesandProverbs88
ConversationTaboos89
NatureofLanguage91
TranslationProblems91
InterpreterUse94
HostLanguage95
Thought98
LanguageandCultureInteraction99
CHAPTER6OralandNonverbalCommunicationPatterns105
ThoughtPatterns106
Paralanguage/Metacommunication106
Chronemics107
Proxemics109
Oculesics110
Olfactics112
Haptics112
Kinesics114
Chromatics119
Silence120
CHAPTER7WrittenCommunicationPatterns129
InternationalEnglish130
WritingToneandStyle131
LetterFormats133
Facsimiles(Fax)139
ElectronicMail(E-Mail)140
ResumeandJobSearchInformation143
CHAPTER8GlobalEtiquette150
Introductions151
BusinessCardExchange151
PositionandStatus152
ProperEtiquetteWhenCommunicatingElectronically154
DiningPractices155
Tipping157
GiftGiving158
CHAPTER9BusinessandSocialCustoms169
GreetingandHandshakingCustoms170
VerbalExpressions172
MaleandFemaleRelationships174
HumorinBusiness174
SuperstitionsandTaboos176
DressandAppearance177
CustomsAssociatedwithHolidaysandHolyDays179
OfficeCustomsandPractices182
CustomaryDemeanor/Behavior183
Bribery184
SpecialFoodsandConsumptionTaboos185
CHAPTER10InterculturalNegotiationProcess192
CharacteristicsofEffectiveNegotiators192
Cross-CulturalNegotiationConsiderations193
VariablesAffectingInterculturalNegotiations195
DefiningtheProcess197
Observing,Analyzing,andEvaluating198
InterculturalNegotiationModels200
PerspectiveConflicts203
ConflictResolution203
StereotypesthatAffectInterculturalNegotiations205
CHAPTER11InterculturalNegotiationStrategies217
Strategies217
RoleoftheMedia220
PersonalConstructs221
InterculturalNegotiationGuidelines227
TradeAgreements230
CHAPTER12LawsAffectingInternationalBusinessandTravel242
HomeCountryandHostCountryLaws243
InternationalLaw244
Contracts246
NonwrittenLaw248
EthicsandtheLaw249
InternationalTravelandLaw251
AppendixA--Glossary261
AppendixB--AnswerstoExercises269
Index273