Preface
PART One Introduction
1 Overview of Databases and Transactions
1.1 What Are Databases and Transactions?
1.2 Features of Modern Database and Transaction Processing Systems
1.3 Major Players in the Implementation and Support of Database and Transaction Processing Systems
1.4 Decision Support Systems OLAP and OLTP
1.5 Exercises
2 A Closer Look
2.1 Case Study:A Student Registration System
2.2 Introduction to Relational Databases
2.3 What Makes a Program a Transaction?
2.4 Bibliographic Notes
2.5 Exercises
3 Case Study:Starting the Student Registration System
3.1 Software Engineering Methodology
3.2 Requirements Document
3.3 Requirements Analysis New Issues
3.4 Application Generators
3.5 GUIs and Ojbects
3.6 Events and Procedures
3.7 Accessing Databases and Executing Transactions
3.8 Specifying the Student Registration System
3.9 Specification Document
3.10 Bibliographic Notes
3.11 Exercises
PART Two Database Management
4 The Relational Data Model
4.1 What Is a Data Model?
4.2 The Relational Model
4.3 SQL Data Definition Sublanguage
4.4 Bibliographic Notes
4.5 Exercises
5 Database Design I:The Entity-Relationship Model
5.1 Conceptual Modeling with the E-R Approach
5.2 Entities and Entity Types
5.3 Relationships and Relationship Types
5.4 Advanced Features of the E-R Approach
5.5 A Brokerage Firm Example
5.6 Limitations of the E-R Approach
5.7 Case Study:A Design for the Student Registration System
5.8 Bibliographic Notes
5.9 Exercises
6 Query Languages I:Relational Algebra and SQL
6.1 Relational Algebra:Under the Hood of SQL
6.2 The Query Sublanguage of SQL
6.3 Modifying Relation Instances in SQL
6.4 Bibliographic Notes
6.5 Exercises
7 Query Languages II:Relational Calculus and Visual Query Languages
7.1 Tuple Relational Calculus
7.2 Understanding SQL through Tuple Relational Calculus
7.3 Domain Relational Calculus and Visual Query Languages
7.4 Visual Query Languages:QBE and PC Databases
7.5 The Relationship between Relational Algebra and the Calculi
7.6 Recursive Queries in SQL:1999
7.7 Bibliographic Notes
7.8 Exercises
8 Database Design II:Relational Normalization Theory
8.1 The Problem of Redundancy
8.2 Decompositions
8.3 Functional Dependencies
8.4 Properties of Functional Dependencies
8.5 Normal Forms
8.6 Properties of Decompositions
8.7 An Algorithm for BCNF Decomposition
8.8 Synthesis of 3NF Schemas
8.9 The Fourth Normal Form
8.10 Advanced 4NF Design
8.11 Summary of Normal Form Decomposition
8.12 Case Study:Schema Refinement for the Student Registration System
8.13 Tuning Issues:To Decompose or Not to Decompose?
8.14 Bibliographic Notes
8.15 Exercises
9 Triggers and Active Database
9.1 Semantic Issues in Trigger Handling
9.2 Triggers in SQL:1999
9.3 Avoiding a Chain Reaction
9.4 Bibliographic Notes
9.5 Exercises
10 SQL in the Real World
10.1 Executing SQL Statements within an Application Program
10.2 Embedded
10.3 More on Integrity Constraints
10.4 Dynamic SQL
10.5 JDBC and SQLJ
10.6 ODBC*
10.7 Comparison
10.8 Bibliographic Notes
10.9 Exercises
11 Physical Data Organization and Indexing
11.1 Disk Organization
11.2 Heap Files
11.3 Sorted Files
11.4 Indices
11.5 Multilevel Indexing
11.6 Hash Indexing
11.7 Special-Purpose Indices
11.8 Tuning Issues:Choosing Indices for an Application
11.9 Bibliographic Notes
11.10 Exercises
12 Case Study:Completing the Student Registration System
12.1 The Design Document
12.2 Test Plan
12.3 Project Planning
12.4 Coding
12.5 Incremental Development
12.6 Design and Code for the Student Registration System
12.7 Bibliographic Notes
12.8 Exercises
13 The Basics of Query Processing
13.1 External Sorting
13.2 Computing Projection,Union,and Set Difference
13.3 Computing Selection
13.4 Computing Joins
13.5 Multi-Relational Joins
13.6 Computing Aggregate Functions
13.7 Tuning Issues:Impact on Physical Database Design
13.8 Bibliographic Notes
13.9 Exercises
14 An Overview of Query Optimization
14.1 Overview of Query Processing
14.2 Heuristic Optimaization Based on Algebraic Equivalences
14.3 Estimating the Cost of a Query Execution Plan
14.4 Estimating the Size of the Output
14.5 Choosing a Plan
14.6 Tuning Issues:Impact on Query Design
14.7 Bibliographic Notes
14.8 Exercises
15 An Overview of Transaction Processing
15.1 Isolation
15.2 Atomicity and Durability
15.3 Implementing Distributed Transactions
15.4 Bibliographic Notes
15.5 Exercises
PART Three Advanced Topics in Databases
16 Object Databases
16.1 Object Databases
16.2 Historical Developments
16.3 The Conceptual Object Data Model
16.4 The ODMG Standard
16.5 Ojbects in SQL:1999
16.6 Common Object Request Broker Architecture
16.7 Summary
16.8 Bibliographic Notes
16.9 Exercises
17 XML and Web Data
17.1 Semistructured Data
17.2 Overview of XML
17.3 XML Schema
17.4 XML Query Languages
17.5 Bibliographic Notes
17.6 Exercises
18 Distributed Databases
18.1 The Application Designer's View of the Database
18.2 Distributing Data among Different Databases
18.3 Query Planning Strategies
18.4 Bibliographic Notes
18.5 Exercises
19 OLAP and Data Mining
19.1 OLAP and Data Warehouses Old and New
19.2 A Multi-Dimensional Model for OLAP Applications
19.3 Aggregation
19.4 ROLAP and MOLAP
19.5 Implementation Issues
19.6 Data Mining
19.7 Populating a Data Warehouse
19.8 Bibliographic Notes
19.9 Exercises
PART Four Transaction Processing
20 ACID Properties of Transactions
20.1 Consistency
20.2 Atomicity
20.3 Durabiliyt
20.4 Isolation
20.5 The ACID Properties
20.6 Bibliographic Notes
20.7 Exercises
21 Models of Transactions
21.1 Flat Transactions
21.2 Providing Structure within a Transaction
21.3 Structuring an Application into Multiple Transactions
21.4 Bibliographic Notes
21.5 Exercises
22 Architecture of Transaction Processing Systems
22.1 Transaction Processing in a Centralized System
22.2 Transaction Processing in a Distributed System
22.3 Heterogeneous Systems and the TP Monitor
22.4 The TP Monitor:Communication and Global Atomicity
22.5 Transaction Processing on the Internet
22.6 Bibliographic Notes
22.7 Exercises
23 Implementing Isolation
23.1 Schedules and Their Equivalence
23.2 Recoverability,Cascaded Aborts,and Strictness
23.3 Models for Concurrency Control
23.4 A Strategy for Immediate-Update Pessimistic Concurrency Controls
23.5 Design of an Immediate-Update Pessimistic Concurrency Control
23.6 Objects and Semantic Commutativity*
23.7 Isolation in Structured Transaction Models
23.8 Other Concurrency Controls
23.9 Bibliographic Notes
23.10 Exercises
24 Isolation in Relational Databases
24.1 Locking
24.2 Locking and the SQL Isolation Levels
24.3 Granular Locking:Intention Locks and Index Locks
24.4 Improving System Performance
24.5 Multiversion Concurrency Controls
24.6 Bibliographic Notes
24.7 Exercises
25 Atomicity and Durability
25.1 Crash,Abort,and Media Failure
25.2 Immediate-Update Systems and Write-Ahead Logs
25.3 Recovery in Deferred-Update Systems
25.4 Recovery from Media Failure
25.5 Bibliographic Notes
25.6 Exercises
26 Implementing Distributed Transactions
26.1 Implementing the ACID Properties
26.2 Atomic Termination
26.3 Transfer of Coordination
26.4 Distributed Deadlock
26.5 Global Serialization
26.6 When Global Atomicity Cannot Be Guaranteed
26.7 Replicated Databases
26.8 Distributed Transactions in the Real World
26.9 Bibliographic Notes
26.10 Exercises
27 Security and Internet Commerce
27.1 Authentication,Authorization,and Encryption
27.2 Encryption
27.3 Digital Signatures
27.4 Key Distribution and Authentication
27.5 Authorization
27.6 Authenticated Remote Procedure Call
27.7 Internet Commerce
27.8 Bibliographic Notes
27.9 Exercises
Appendix System Issues
A.1 Basic System Issues
A.2 Multiprogrammed Operating Systems
A.3 Threads
A.4 Communication
References
Index
鄂公网安备 42010302001612号 