Chapter 1 Why did the linguistics introduction
1.1 why study languages?
1.2 What is a language?
1.3 origins of essential
1.4 Origin of the language
1.5 functions of language
1.6 what is linguistics?
1.7 Main branch
1.8 macrolinguistics
1.9 important difference in linguistics
Further reading
Questions and exercises
Chapter 2 speech sounds
2.1 speech pronunciation and perception
2.2 soeecg
2.3 ssegments,divergences,and phonetic transcription
2.4 consonants
2.5 vowels
2.6 coarticulation and phonetic transcription
2.7 ponological analysis
2.8 phonemes and allophones
2.9 phonological processes
2.10 distinctive features
2.11 syllables
2.12 stress
Further reading
Questions and exercises
Chapter 3 lexicon
Chapter 4 syntax
Chapter 5 meaning
Chapter 6 language processing in mind
Chapter 7 language,culture,and society
Chapter 8 language in use
Chapter 9 language and literature
Chapter 10 language and computer
Chapter 11 linguistics and foreign language teaching
Chapter 12 theories and schools of modern linguistics
Bibliography
Key to questions and exercises
glossary and index
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