Forward by KAS 1Acknowledgement 1Preface:Court as Fruit of A Political and Social Culture 1Chapter I Establishment of The Court System in PRC 1I .Abolishment of The Code of Six Lawsand Other Rules by The Nationalist(Kuo Mintang) in February 1949 3U .Preparation for National Judiciary 5Chapter 2 Evolution and Interruptions 9I .The First National Judicial Conference 9II .The Campaign of Judicial Reform andThe Second National Judicial Conference 13]]I.The First Constitution and The OrganicLaw for People''s Court 21IV.The Third National Judicial Conference 23V.The Fourth and Fifth Judicial Conference 27VI.Correcting Wrongs, Moving Forward 29VII.The Sixth Judicial Conference 33~ .The First Civil Trial Conference and TheFirst Criminal Trial Conference 34IX.Courts and Legal Environment for TheCourt System 35Chapter 3 Court System during Culture Revolution 44I .Fate of The Constitution duringCulture Revolution 44II .Criminal Judicature during CultureRevolution 48llI .Civil Judicature during CultureRevolution 57Iv.Overall Judicial Situation 60V .Organizations That Officiated JudicialPowers during Culture Revolution 61VI.Militia and Mass Dictatorship Organi-zations 64II.Redress Wrongs and The Trial forGang of Four 69Chapter 4 Reform since Late 1970''s and Regener-ation of Courts 73I .China''s Reform since Late 1970''s 7311 .From Basic Needs to Basic Rights 81m .Bring Governments to Courts: TheEstablishment of AdministrativeTribunals 88IV.The Establishment and Tasks ofEconomic Tribunals 92Chapter 5 Current Court Structure and Procedure 99I .Constitutional Status of People''s Courts 99lI .Relationship between People''s Courtsand Other State Organs 101llI .Organizations of People''s Courts 109Iv.Internal Structure of People''s Courts 112V .Functions of People''s Courts 117VI.Judicatory of People''s Courts 119VH.Judicial Procedures of People''s Courts 126VIH.Court Systems in Special AdministrativeRegions 170Chapter 6 Problems and Reform Directions 173I. Problems Identified 173II .Perspective and Direction for Reform 189Chapter 7 Court-related Alternative DisputesResolution Mechanism 215I .ADR: Types and Functions 215II .Current Situation regarding The Useof ADR 218III.Parties'' Viewpoints of ADR 221IV.Problems of ADR 227V .Values of ADR as An Alternative to Courts228Chapter 8 Case Study:Dispute Resolution Process inSpecific Cases 231I .Dispute Resolution Process of ConsumerProtection 231II .Dispute Resolution Process of LaborDisputes 234IlI .Dispute Resolution Process of Environ-mental Problems 237Chapter 9 What Kind of Courts Does China Needfor The 21st Century 241I .social Background of Judicial Reform 24311 .Achievements in Judicial Reform 249Ill .Contradictions and Difficulties 264IV.Forge A Judicial Power Suited to SocialNeeds in The New Millennium 279Appendix I The Code of Judicial Ethics for Judges ofThe People''s Republic of China 287Appendix U A Five-year Reform Program for ThePeople''s Court 295Reference 314总计314页