Forewordtothefirstedition.
Forewordtothesecondedition
1Introduction
1.1OccurrenceofnonlinearwavesandinstabilitiesinNature
1.1.1Nonlinearphenomenainoureverydayexperience
1.1.2Nonlinearphenomenainthelaboratory
1.2Universalwaveequations
1.2.1TheKorteweg-deVriesandKadomtsev-Petviashviliequationsandafirstlookatsolitons
1.2.2ThenonlinearSchr6dingcrequation
1.2.3Nonlinearoptics
1.3Whatisaplasma?
1.4Wavemodesonawatersurface
1.4.1Mathematicaltheory
1.4.2Comments
1.5Linearstabilityanalysisanditslimitations
1.6Nonlinearstructures
1.6.1Coherentstructuresandpatternformation
1.7ContentsofChapters2-11
2Linearwavesandinstabilitiesininfinitemedia
2.1Introduction
2.2Plasmawaves
2.3CMAdiagrams
2.4Instabilities
2.5TheVlasovequation
2.6Weakinstabilities
Exercises
3Convectiveandnon-convectiveinstabilities;groupvelocityinunstablemedia
3.1Introduction
3.2Kinematicsofunstablewavepackets
3.3Movingcoordinatesystems
3.4Higherdimensionalsystems
3.5Summary
Exercise
4Afirstlookatsurfacewavesandinstabilities
4.1Introduction
4.2Simplesurfacewaves
4.3TheRayleigh-Taylorinstability
4.4TheKelvin-Helmholtzinstability
4.5Solid-liquidinterfaceinstabilities
4.6Afirstlookatgravitywaveinstabilities
4.6.1Thesmallamplitudeonsetofwaveinstability
4.6.2Furthernumericalresults
4.7Summary
Exercises
5Modelequationsforsmallamplitudewavesandsolitons;weaklynonlineartheory
5.1Introduction
5.1.1Somephysicalequationsaskforsurgery
5.1.2Examples
5.2Afewmodelequationsasderivedbyintroducingasmall
parameter
5.2.1Shallowwater,weakamplitudegravitywaves
5.2.2Weakamplitudeionacousticwavesinanunmagnetizedplasma
5.2.3Weakamplitudeionacousticwavesinamagnetizedplasma
5.3Weaklynonlinearwaves
5.3.1Spreading,splittingandinstabilities
5.3.2Thestoryofdeepwaterwaves
5.3.3Mysteryofthemissingterm
5.3.4Dynamicsofawavepacket
5.3.5Somegeneralizations
5.4Agenerallookattwofamiliesofmodelequations
5.5AnaturalextensiontofiniteamplitudewavesduetoHayes
5.6Temporaldevelopmentofinstabilitiesandwave-wavecoupling
5.7Concludingremarks
Exercises
6Exactmethodsforfullynonlinearwavesandsolitons
6.1Introduction
6.2Phaseplaneanalysisandothermethods
6.2.1Onestationarywaveinadissipationlessmedium
6.2.2Atwo-fluidlayersolitonpair
6.2.3Weakionacousticshockwavesinacollisionalplasma
6.2.4Solitonsgeneratedbylaserfields
6.2.5Solitonsanddomainsindipolechains
6.2.6Discreteequations
6.3Bernstein-Greene-Kruskalwaves
6.3.1StatisticaldescriptionofaplasmaandBGKwaves
6.3.2Notrappedparticles
6.3.3Variouslimits
6.3.4Trappedparticleequilibria
6.3.5Stability;subsequentdevelopments
6.4Lagrangianmethods
6.5Lagrangianinterpolation
Exercises
7Cartesiansolitonsinoneandtwospacedimensions
7.1Introduction
7.2Thedirectmethod
7.3Constantsofmotion
7.4Inversescatteringmethod
7.5Backlundtransformations
7.6Entr'acte..
7.7Breathersandboundaryeffects
7.8Experimentalevidence
7.9Planesolitoninteractionintwospacedimensions
7.9.1Introducingthetracemethod
7.9.2Oneandtwosotitonsolutions
7.9.3Someotherdevelopmentsandsummary
7.10IntegrableequationsintwospacedimensionsastreatedbytheZakharov-Shabatmethod
7.10.1LaxpairsandthePDEstheyrepresent
7.10.2Extensiontox,y,t
7.10.3HowtoproceedfromtheLaxpairtothegeneralsolution
7.10.4Anexample:theKadomtsev-Petviashviliequation
7.11Summary
Exercises
8Evolutionandstabilityofinitiallyone-dimensionalwavesandsolitons
8.1Abriefhistoricalsurveyoflargeamplitudenonlinearwavestudies
8.1.1Solitons
8.1.2Waterwavesareunstable
8.1.3Thegeometricalopticslimit
8.1.4Morerecentresults
8.1.5WhattheremainderofChapter8isabout
8.2FourmethodsasillustratedbythenonlinearKlein-Gordonequation
8.2.1WhithamI
8.2.2WhithamII
8.2.3Kexpansion
8.2.4Hayes
8.3Higherdimensionaldynamics
8.3.1Kadomtsev-PetviashviliasanalysedbyWhithamII
8.3.2Variouslimits
8.3.3Commonfeaturesoftheweakamplitudeandsolitonlimitsforψ=0
8.3.4Groupvelocity
8.3.5Zakharov-KuznetsovasanalysedbyKexpansion
8.3.6Thevariationalmethod
8.4Amorephysicalapproachleadingtoanassessmentofmodels
8.4.1Formofthewavesconsidered
8.4.2Unmagnetizedplasmas,ftc=0
8.4.3Magnetizedplasmas,Ωc>0
8.5Dynamicsofnonlinearwave,shockandsolitonsolutionstothecubicnonlinearSchrodingerequation
8.5.1Resultsofageneralstabilitycalculation
8.5.2One-dimensionaldynamics:ψ=0
8.5.3Obliqueandperpendicularpropagationofperturbations
8.6ThedirectKmethod
8.6.1TransverseinstabilityofZakharov-Kuznetsovsolitons
8.6.2TheCahn-Hilliardequation
8.7Somegeneralconclusionsandpossiblefuturelinesofinvestigation
Exercises
9Cylindricalandsphericalsolitonsinplasmasandothermedia
9.1Interestinhigherdimensionalplasmasolitons
9.2Unidirectionalcylindricalandsphericalionacousticsolitons
9.2.1Modelequationsinnon-Cartesiangeometry
9.2.2CylindricalsolitonequationsCIandCII
9.2.3Sphericalsolitons
9.2.4Summary
9.3Propertiesofunidirectionalsolitonequations
9.3.1Integrabilitybyinversescattering
9.3.2Conservationlaws
9.4Solitonsolutionsascomparedwithnumericsandexperiments
9.4.1ExactsolutionstoCI
9.4.2Initialvalueproblemandexperiments
9.4.3Reflectionfromtheaxis(centre)
9.4.4Models
9.4.5Stabilityofcylindricalsolitons
9.5Langmuirsolitons
9.5.1Integrability
9.5.2StabilityofLangmuirsolitons
9.6Interactingsolitonsandsomeconclusions
9.7Epilogue.Someotherexamplesofsphericalandcylindricalsolitons
Exercises
10Solitonmetamorphosis
10.1Thenextstepininvestigatingsolitonbehaviour
10.2DecayoflineKPIsolitonsintwodimensions
10.3Decayof2Dsolitonsinthreedimensions
10.3.12Dsolitonsperturbedperpendiculartothemotion
10.3.22Dsolitonsperturbedparalleltothevelocity
10.4Conclusions
Exercises
11Non-coherentphenomena
11.1Introduction
11.2Bifurcationsequencesandchaos
11.3Flowsandmaps
11.4Strangeattractors
11.5Effectofexternalnoise
11.6Experimentalevidenceforstrangeattractors
11.7Othertheoriesofturbulence
11.8Conclusions
Exercises
Appendices
A1Parameterstretchingassuggestedbythelineardispersionrelations
A1.1Ionacousticwavesinanunmagnetizedplasma,Ωc=0
Al.2Magnetizedplasmas,Ωc>0
A2Relationbetweenthetracemethodandtheinversescatteringmethod
A3Someformulaeforperturbednonlinearionacousticwavesandsolitons
A3.1Nomagneticfield
A3.2Ωc>0
A4Collidingsolitontheory
A5Amodelequationforsphericalsolitons
A6Stabilitycalculationfor2DKPIsolitonin3D
References
Authorindex
Subjectindex
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