Foreword
Preface
ListofContributors
1RecentDevelopmentsinHigh-TemperaturePermanentMagnetMaterials
1.1Introduction
1.1.1RequirementforHigh-TemperaturePermanentMagnetMaterials
1.1.2ReviewofConventionalPermanentMagnetMaterials
12CandidateAlloySystemforHigh-TemperaturePermanentMagnetMaterials
13NewSmCo17-BasedHigh-TemperaturePermanentMagnetMaterials
1.3.1EffectsofCompositionsonHigh-TemperatureIntrinsicCoercivityofSm2-TM17PermanentMagnets
1.3.2MagneticPropertiesofNewSm2Co17-BasedHigh-TemperaturePermanentMagnetMaterials
1.3.3DynamicCharacterizationsofNewHigh-TemperaturePermanentMagnets
1.3.4Long-TermThermalStabilityofNewHigh-TemperaturePermanentMagnets
1.3.5MicrostructureandCrystalStructure
1.3.6CoercivityinSm2-TM17-TypePermanentMagnets
14NewApproachtoCalculateTemperatureCoefficientsofMagneticProperties
1.5SmCoT-TypePermanentMagnets
1.6TemperatureCompensatedRareEarthPermanentMagnetsandModelingofTemperatureCoefficientofMagnetization
1.7OtherHigh-TemperaturePermanentMagnetMaterialsandFurturePerspective
References
2NewRare-EarthTransition-MetallntermetallicCompoundsandMetastablePhasesforPermanentMagneticMaterials
2.1Introduction
2.1.1OverviewofStructures
2.2ExperimentalProcessing
22.1Melting
22.2MechanicalAlloying/Milling
22.3RapidQuenching
22.4HDDR
22.5Solid-StateReaction
22.6Solid-GasReaction
2.2.7Sputtering
2.3NewIntermetallicCompounds
2.3.IR(Fe,T,X)12(X=B,C)
2.3.2R2Fe14BN
2.3.3R6Fel3-xM1+x
2.3.4R3T29Si4B10
2.4MetastablePhases
2.4.1RFe5
2.4.2RT7(T=Fe,Oo,Ti,etc.)
2.4.3RT7N
2.4.4R-Fe-C
2.4.5Nd2Fe14BN
2.4.6RFe12
2.5Discussion
2.6Conclusions
References
3MagneticPropertiesandInterstitialAtomEffectsintheR(Fe,M)12Compounds
3.1Introduction
3.2InterstitialAtomEffectsandIntermetallicCompounds
3.2.1CrystallographicStructures
3.2.2CurieTemperatureandSaturationMagnetization
3.2.3MagnetocrystallineAnisotropy
3.2.4HyperfineInteractions
3.3OriginoftheInterstitialAtomEffects
3.3.1CrystalFieldEffect
3.3.2BandStructures
3.4NovelPermanentMagnetsBasedon1:12Nitrides
3.4.1TheDomainStructuresinCompounds,Nitrides
andCarbides
3.4.2HardMagneticPropertiesofNitrides
3.5ConclusionsandProspect
References
4NanocrystallineSoftMagneticMaterialsandTheirApplications
4.1Introduction
4.2MagneticPropertiesandMicrostructure
4.2.1MagneticProperties
4.2.2Microstructure
4.2.3OriginofMagneticSoftness
4.3Applications
4.3.1PartsforNoiseMeasures
4.3.2MagneticPartsforCommunications
4.3.3PartsforPulsedPower
4.3.4PartsforPowerSupplies
4.3.5CurrentSensors
4.3.6ElectromagneticShielding,WaveAbsorbers
4.4Conclusions
References
5Spin-DensityWavesandCharge-DensityWavesinCrAlloys
5.1Introduction
5.2MagneticPropertiesofAntiferromagneticCrandCrAlloys
5.2.1MagneticPhaseDiagrams
5.2.2MagneticPhaseTransition
5.3LocalMomentsinCrAlloys
5.3.1MagneticSusceptibility
5.3.2LocalMomentsinNon-MagneticImpurities-LocalSpin-DensityWaves
5.3.3CorrelationwithGiantMagnetoresistanceandExchancleBiasinCrAlloys
5.4Spin-GlassPhaseinCr-AIIoys
5.5NeutronsandX-RayScattering:CDW/SWandSDWDomains
5.5.1TechnicalAntiferromagnetism
5.5.2NeutronsandX-RayTwoComplementaryTechniquesUsedinStudiesofCrMagnetism
5.5.3AspectsofNeutronandX-RayScatteringinCrandCr-AIIoys
5.5.4OrbitalMomentinCrandResonantScattering
5.5.5MagneticQDomainsinCr(001)Face
5.5.6ParamagneticCriticalFluctuationsinCrandinCr-0.2at.%V
5.6UltrasonicMeasurementsinCrandCr-AIIoys
5.7BulkChromiumPropertiesRelevantforThinFilmDevices
5.8FinalRemarks
References
6NewMagneticRecordingMedia
6.1Introduction
6.2NewMediaDevelopmentbySputtering
6.2.1Introduction
6.2.2HexagonalCo-Alloys
6.2.3L10Alloys
6.2.4RareEarth-TransitionMetalCompounds
6.2.5NanocompositeFilms
6.2.6AFCMedia
6.3ChemicalSynthesis
6.3.1Introduction
6.3.2StabilizationofNanoparticleDispersion
6.3.3ChemicalSynthesisofMonodisperseNanoparticles
6.3.4MagneticNanoparticleAssembly
6.3.5Conclusions
6.4Self-Assembly
6.4.1Introduction
6.4.2PorousAluminaTemplateTechnique
6.4.3Self-AssembledNanowire/DotArraysasRecordingMedia-MeritsandChallenges
6.5ConcludingRemarks
References
7Magneto-OpticalPropertiesofNanostructuredMedia
7.1Introduction
7.2ElectromagneticTheoryoftheMagneto-OpticalEffect
7.2.1FaradayRotation
7.2.2KerrRotation
7.3MicroscopicModels
7.3.1InterbandTransitions
7.3.2IntrabandTransitions
7.4Magneto-OpticalMeasurements
7.4.1ExperimentalPrinciples
7.4.2DescriptionoftheExperimentalSystem
7.5Magneto-OpticalSpectraofMagneticandNon-MagneticMetals
7.5.1TheMagneto-OpticalEffectintheNobleMetalAg
7.5.2MagneticGranularFilms
7.5.3MagneticCo-CuMultilayers
7.6Summary
References
8MagnetoresistiveRecordingHeads
8.1Introduction
8.2PhysicsofMagnetoresistance
8.3MagnetoresistiveHeadFabrication
8.4NoiseinMagnetoresistiveSensors
8.5FutureofMagneticDataStorage.ChallengeinMaintainingRapidPaceofDevelopment
Appendix8.1GlossaryofCommonlyUsedIndustryTerminology
References
9MagneticRandomAccessMemoriesforComputerDataStorage
9.1Introduction
9.2MRAMUsingSpin-ValveEffect
9.3EPROMUsingHallEffect
9.4MRAMUsingSpin-DependentTunnelingEffect
9.5FuturePerspective
References
10MagnetoresistiveThinFilmMaterialsandTheirDeviceApplications
10.1Introduction
10.2MagnetoresistiveMaterials
10.2.1AMRMaterials
10.2.2GiantMagnetoresistiveMaterials
10.2.3TunnelMagnetoresistance
10.2.4ColossalMagnetoresistance
10.2.5AdvancedMagnetoresistiveMaterials
10.3MagnetoresistiveDevices
103.1MagneticFieldSensors
103.2MagneticFieldGradientSensors
103.3ElectricalCurrentSensors
103.4IntegratedMagneticSensors
103.5GalvanicIsolators
103.6AdvancedMagnetoresistiveDevices
103.7ApplicationsofMagneticFieldSensors
References
11Nano-StructuralMagnetoelasticMaterialsforSensorApplications
11.1Introduction
11.2MetallicGlassPreparationandProperties
11.2.1PreparationofMetallicGlasses
11.2.2SummaryofPhysicalandMagneticPropertiesofMetallicGlasses
11.2.3TailoringofMetallicGlassesforSensorApplications
11.3SensorApplications
11.3.1InductionSensorswithMetallicGlassCores
11.3.2GiantMagneto-Impedance/Stress-ImpedanceSensors
11.3.3MagnetostrictiveDelayLineSensors
11.3.4MagnetoelasticResonanceSensors
11.3.5Magneto-Surface-Acoustic-WaveSensors
11.3.6Gyro-MagneticSensorswithMetallicGlassCores
11.4Conclusions
References
12SoftMagneticFilmsandWiresforMagneticFieldSensors
12.1Introduction
12.2LinearMagneto-Impedance
12.3ElectrodynamicProblemsofLinearMagneto-Impedance
12.4NonlinearMagnetizationReversalInducedbyacCurrent
12.5ManufacturingofMagneto-ImpedanceUnitsforMagneticFieldSensors
12.6Magneto-ImpedanceSensorsofMagneticField
12.7SomeConcludingRemarks
References
13MicrowavePermeabilityofMagneticFilms
13.1Introduction
13.2HighFrequencyPermeabilityofaSingleDomainEllipsoid
13.2.1Landau-LifshitzEquationandFrequencyDispersionofPermeability
13.2.2Snoek'sLaw
13.2.3RelationBetweentheStaticPermeabilityandtheResonanceFrequencyinThin,Films
13.2.4TheEffectofDamping
13.2.5IntegralRelations
13.3ModelsofMicrowavePermeabilityofActualThinFilms
13,3.1TheEffectofOut-of-PlaneAnisotropy
13.3.2TheEffectofStripeDomainStructure
13.3.3TheEffectofFiniteFilmThickness
13.3.4AccountfortheEddyCurrents
13.3.5PermeabilityofPatternedandGranularFilms
13.4ExperimentalDataonthePermeabilityofThinFilms
15.4.1PermeabilityMeasurementTechniques
13.4.2ExperimentalMicrowaveMagneticSpectra
15.5MicrowaveApplicationsforHighPermeableMaterials
13.6Oonclusions
References
Index
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