Chapter 1 CCIE Certification, Test Preparation, and Using This Book 3
Cisco Certifications 3
Cisco Certification Areas 3
CCIE Certifications 4
CCIE R&S 5
CCIE C&S 5
CCIE Written Exam Objectives 6
CCIE R&S Written Exam Objectives 6
CCIE C&S Written Exam General Knowledge Objectives 10
Test Preparation, Test-Taking Tips, and Using This Book 12
Chapter 2 Networking Concepts Review 15
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 15
Foundation Topics 19
The OSI Reference Model 19
Physical Layer (OS! Layer 1) 20
Data-Link Layer (OSI Layer 2) 20
Network Layer (OSI Layer 3) 21
Transport Layer (OSI Layer 4) 21
Session Layer (OSI Layer 5) 22
Presentation Layer (OSI Layer 6) 22
Application Layer (OSI Layer 7) 23
Example of Layered Communication 23
Numeric Conversion 24
Hexadecimal Numbers 25
Binary Numbers 28
General Routing Concepts 34
Hierarchical Model for Networks 34
Basic Intemetworking Devices 35
Routing Protocol Characteristics 38
References Used 48
Foundation Summary 49
Q&A 52
Scenario 59
Chapter 3 Cisco Equipment Operations 61
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 61
Foundation Topics 64
Infrastructure 64
Central Processing Unit (CPU) 64
Primary Memory 65
Nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM) 65
Read-Only Memory (ROM) 65
Boot Flash 66
Flash Memory 66
Configuration Register 68
Router Modes 73
ROM Monitor 73
Boot Mode 73
User Exec Mode 73
Privileged Exec Mode 74
Configuration Mode 74
Initial Configuration Dialog 74
Router Operations 77
Password Security 77
TFrP 78
Configuration File Manipulation 78
Password Recovery 80
Accessing Devices 83
Router CLI 84
Debug 87
Switch Commands 89
References Used 92
Foundation Summary 93
Q&A 96
Scenario 101
Chapter 4 Local-Area Networks and LAN Switching 105
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 105
Foundation Topics 110
LAN Media Review 110
MAC Address Format 110
Ethernet 111
Token Ring 122
Wireless LANs 128
Transparent Bridging (TB) 131
Bridges and STP 132
CRB 137
IRB 138
SRB 139
SRB Operation 139
SRT 144
SR/TLB 144
RSRB 146
DLSw+ 149
LAN Switching Topics 153
VLAN Tmnking 153
ISL 154
IEEE 802.1q 155
VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) 157
Fast EtherChannel (FEC) 158
CDP 159
LAN Security 161
ATM LANE 164
ATM LANE Components 164
LANE Join and Circuit Establishment Operation 165
SSRP 165
References Used 166
Foundation Summary 167
Media Specifications 167
Process for a Station to Insert into the Token Ring 169
Transparent Bridge Functions 169
Transparent Bridge Port States 169
STP 170
CRB 170
RIF 171
VLAN Trunking 171
FEC 171
CDP 171
LANE 172
Q & A 173
Scenarios 183
Scenario 4-1 183
Scenario 4-2 186
Chapter 5 Wide-Area Networks 191
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 191
Foundation Topics 196
Physical Layer Access 196
Synchronous Lines 196
SONET and SDH 197
Dynamic Packet Transport (DPT)/Spatial Reuse Protocol (SRP) 198
X.25 200
X.25 VCs 200
X.121 Addressing 200
X.25 Framing 201
Protocol Translation 202
Mapping 202
Frame Relay 203
Frame Relay Encapsulation 204
Committed Information Rate (CIR) 204
Local Management Interface (LMI) 205
Data Link Connection Identifier (DLCI) 205
Frame Relay Inverse Address Resolution Protocol (InARP) 206
Congestion Control 206
Frame Relay Frame Format 207
Frame Relay Traffic Shaping (FRTS) 209
Frame Relay Compression 211
Frame Relay map Command 211
Frame Relay show Commands 212
ISDN 215
ISDN Architecture 215
ISDN Interfaces 216
ISDN Layer-1 Frames 217
ISDN Layer-2 Protocols 217
ISDN Configuration 220
ATM Architecture 222
AAL 223
ATM Cell Format 224
ATM Cell Switching 228
ATM Connections 231
SSCOP 231
ATM Traffic Management 232
PNNI 234
ATM ES Addresses 236
Interim Local Management Interface (ILMI) 238
IISP 239
Classical IP over ATM (CIA) (RFC 2225) 240
IP to VC Mapping 242
Multiprotocol Encapsulation over AAL5 (RFC 2684) 243
ATM Interface Configuration 244
References Used 246
Foundation Summary 247
ISDN Reference Points 249
SONET Interface Speeds 249
Q & A 253
Scenario 261
Chapter 6 Internet Protocols 265
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 265
Foundation Topics 268
TCP/IP Protocol Architecture 268
Intemet Protocol 269
IP Addressing 272
IP Address Classes 272
Private Address Space 274
IP Address Subnets 274
Transport Layer 281
TCP 281
UDP 287
TCP/IP Protocols, Services, and Applications 288
ARP 288
BOOTP 290
DHCP 291
Hot Standby Routing Protocol (HSRP) 292
ICMP 294
Telnet 297
FTP 297
TFTP 297
DNS 298
SNMP 298
NAT 299
IPv6 302
IPv6 Address Representation 302
References Used 304
Foundation Summary 305
Q&A 309
Scenario 316
Chapter 7 Static Routing and Distance Vector Routing Protocols 319
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 319
Foundation Topics 323
static Routes 323
Static Route Configuration 323
RIPvl 324
RIPvl Forwarding Information Base 324
RIPvl Message Format 325
RIPvl Timers 326
RIPvl Configuration 327
RIPvl Summary 331
RIPv2 331
RiPV2 Forwarding Information Base 332
RIPv2 Message Format 332
R1Pv2 Timers 334
RIPv2 Configuration 334
RIPv2 Summary 338
IGRP 339
IGRP Timers 339
IGRP Metrics 340
IGRP Configuration 341
IGRP Summary 344
EIGRP 345
EIGRP Components 346
EIGRP Timers 348
EIGRP Metrics 348
EIGRP Packet Types 350
EIGRP Configuration 351
EIGRP Summary 355
References Used 356
Foundation Summary 357
RIPvl Summary 357
RIPv2 Summary 357
IGRP Summary 358
EIGRP Summary 358
Q&A 360
Scenario 367
Chapter 8 IP Link-State Routing Protocols 371
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 371
Foundation Topics 375
OSPF 375
OSPF Concepts and Design 375
OSPF Configuration 385
OSPF Summary 399
IS-IS 400
IS-IS Metrics 400
IS-IS Operation 401
IS-IS Configuration 404
IS-IS Summary 411
References Used 412
Foundation Summary 413
OSPF Summary 414
IS-IS Summary 414
Q&A 416
Scenarios 423
Scenario 8-1 423
Scenario 8-2 424
Chapter 9 Border Gateway Protocol 427
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 427
Foundation Topics 430
BGP Review 430
BGP Neighbors 430
BGP Forms of Peering Relationships 432
Advertising Networks 435
BGP Administrative Distance 437
BGP Filters 437
BGP Synchronization 440
BGP Attributes, Weight, and the BGP Decision Process 441
BGP Path Attributes 441
Weight 446
BGP Decision Process 447
BGP Route Dampening, Peer Groups, Route Reflectors, and Confederations 448
Route Dampening 449
BGP Peer Groups 449
Route Reflectors 450
Confederations 453
BGP show Commands 456
References Used 459
Foundation Summary 460
BGP Summary 460
BGP Decision Algorithm 460
Q&A 462
Scenarios 467
Scenario 9-1 467
Scenario 9-2 468
Scenario 9-3 469
Chapter 10 Administrative Distance, Access Lists, Route Manipulation, and
IP Multicast 473
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 473
Foundation Topics 476
Administrative Distance 476
Administrative Distance Configuration 477
IP Access Lists 477
IP Access List Configuration 478
Route Manipulation 482
Route Maps 482
PBR 485
Distribute Lists 486
Redistribution 486
Route Tagging 490
IP Multicast Protocols 491
Multicast Review 491
IGMP 492
Sparse Versus Dense Multicast Routing Protocols 495
Multicast Source and Shared Trees 495
PIM 496
DVMRP 500
References Used 500
Foundation Summary 501
Q&A 5O3
Scenario 510
Chapter 11 Traffic Management 513
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 513
Foundation Topics 516
Queuing Algorithms 516
FIFO 516
PQ 516
CQ 517
WFQ 519
Other QoS and Traffic Management Mechanisms 520
GTS 520
FRTS 521
RSVP 522
Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) 524
CAR 527
IEEE 802.1p 529
Load Balancing 529
WRR 530
RED and WRED 530
DSCP 531
Network-Based Application Recognition (NBAR) 531
PoS and IP Precedence 531
Compression 532
References Used 533
Foundation Summary 535
QoS and Traffic Mechanisms Summary 535
Q&A 537
Scenario 542
Chapter 12 Multiservice Networking, IPX Networking, and Security 545
"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 545
Foundation Topics 548
Multiservice Networks 548
Packet Voice 548
RTP 551
Codecs 552
H.323 553
SIP 554
Signaling System 7 (SS7) 555
Tools for Better Bandwidth Utilization in VoIP Networks 556
Security 556
AAA 557
Kerberos 559
TACACS 559
RADIUS 560
TACACS+ and RADIUS Compared 561
Firewalls 561
Encryption 566
Desktop Protocols 567
Novell IPX 568
Windows NT 575
References Used 577
Foundation Summary 578
AAA 579
Q&A 580
Scenarios 586
Scenario 12-1 586
Scenario 12-2 587
Appendix Answers to Quiz Questions 591
Chapter 2 Answers to Q & A Section 591
Chapter 2 Answers to Scenario Section 600
Chapter 3 Answers to Q & A Section 601
Chapter 3 Answers to Scenario Section 608
Chapter 4 Answers to Q & A Section 610
Chapter 4 Answers to Scenario Section 623
Chapter 5 Answers to Q & A Section 632
Chapter 5 Answers to Scenario Section 643
Chapter 6 Answers to Q & A Section 645
Chapter 6 Answers to Scenario Section 653
Chapter 7 Answers to Q & A Section 656
Chapter 7 Answers to Scenario Section 664
Chapter 8 Answers to Q & A Section 666
Chapter 8 Answers to Scenario Section 674
Chapter 9 Answers to Q & A Section 677
Chapter 9 Answers to Scenario Section 684
Chapter 10 Answers to Q & A Section 688
Chapter 10 Answers to Scenario Section 697
Chapter 11 Answers to Q & A Section 698
Chapter 11 Answers to Scenario Section 704
Chapter 12 Answers to Q & A Section 705
Chapter 12 Answers to Scenario Section 713
Index 719
鄂公网安备 42010302001612号 