炭材料科学与工程：从基础到应用

1Introduction
1.1CarbonMaterials3
1.2ShortHistoryofCarbonMaterials7
References8
1.3ClassicCarbons,NewCarbonsandNanocarbons9
1.3.1Classiccarbons9
1.3.2Newcarbons10
1.3.3Nanocarbons14
References16
1.4ConstructionandPurposesofthePresentBook18
2FundamentalsofCarbonMaterials21
2.1CarbonFamilies23
2.1.1Carboncarbonbonds23
2.1.2Carbonfamilies25
2.1.3Relationstoneighboringatoms29
2.2StructureandTextureofCarbonMaterials32
2.2.1Structure32
2.2.2Structuraldevelopmentwithheattreatment(Carbonizationandgraphitization)37
2.2.3Nanotexture40
2.2.4Microtexture(Agglomeration)44
References45
2.3NanotextureDevelopmentinCarbonMaterials(Carbonization)47
2.3.1Formationprocessesofcarbonmaterials47
2.3.2Gasphasecarbonization49
2.3.3Solidphasecarbonization63
2.3.4Liquidphasecarbonization75
References86
2.4NovelTechniquesforCarbonization90
2.4.1Templatemethod90
2.4.2Polymerblendmethod94
2.4.3Pressurecarbonization96
2.4.4Highyieldcarbonization102
2.4.5Lowtemperaturecarbonization106
References109
2.5StructuralDevelopmentinCarbonMaterials(Graphitization)112
2.5.1Structureparameters112
2.5.2Graphitizationbehavior120
2.5.3Carbonmaterialswithplanarorientation122
2.5.4Carbonmaterialswithaxialorientation134
2.5.5Carbonmaterialswithpointorientation139
2.5.6Carbonmaterialswithrandomorientation143
2.5.7Relationsamongstructureparameters146
2.5.8Graphitizationprocess151
2.5.9Graphitizingandnongraphitizingcarbons157
2.5.10Heterogeneousgraphitization(Multiphasegraphitization)160
References164
2.6AccelerationofGraphitization167
2.6.1Catalyticgraphitization167
2.6.2Stressgraphitization171
2.6.3Graphitizationofexfoliatedcarbonfibers179
References182
2.7PoreDevelopmentinCarbonMaterials184
2.7.1Poresincarbonmaterials184
2.7.2Identificationofporesincarbonmaterials187
2.7.3Poredevelopmentincarbonmaterials202
References223
2.8IntroductionofForeignSpecies226
2.8.1Possibilitytointroduceforeignspeciesintocarbonmaterials226
2.8.2Intercalation227
2.8.3Substitution246
2.8.4Doping254
2.8.5Dispersionoffinemetalparticles258
References262
3EngineeringandApplicationsofCarbonMaterials267
3.1PolycrystallineGraphiteBlocks269
3.1.1Production269
3.1.2Applications275
3.1.3Fillercokesandbinderpitches283
3.1.4Properties293
References305
3.2HighlyorientedGraphite307
3.2.1Highlyorientedgraphite307
3.2.2Kishgraphite308
3.2.3Highlyorientedpyrolyticgraphite(HOPG)312
3.2.4Graphitefilmsderivedfrompolyimidefilms316
3.2.5Flexiblegraphitesheets331
References341
3.3Non-graphitizingandGlass-likeCarbons343
3.3.1Structuralcharacteristics343
3.3.2Properties349
3.3.3Glass-likecarbons354
References357
3.4FibrousCarbons359
3.4.1Classificationoffibrouscarbons359
3.4.2Carbonfibers360
3.4.3Carbonnanotubesandnanofibers391
3.4.4Singlewallcarbonnanohorns406
3.4.5Carbonmicrocoils408
References410
3.5PorousCarbons414
3.5.1Activatedcarbons414
3.5.2Noveltechniquestocontrolporestructure421
3.5.3Exfoliatedgraphite439
References444
3.6CarbonbasedComposites449
3.6.1Carbonbasedcomposites449
3.6.2Carbon/carboncomposites(C/Cs)450
3.6.3Carbonfiberreinforcedplastics462
3.6.4Carbon/ceramicscomposites466
3.6.5Carbon/metalcomposites482
References483
3.7IntercalationCompounds485
3.7.1Possibleapplications485
3.7.2Highconductivityfunction487
3.7.3Electrochemicalfunctions492
3.7.4Catalyticfunctions500
3.7.5Gasadsorptionandstorage502
3.7.6Otherfunctions508
References511
3.8CarbonMaterialsforEnergyStorage514
3.8.1Rechargeablebatteries514
3.8.2Electrochemicalcapacitors524
3.8.3Storageofhydrogengas538
3.8.4Storageofmethanegas545
3.8.5Applicationstootherbatteries549
References550
3.9CarbonMaterialsforEnvironmentRemediation554
3.9.1Carbon/anatasecomposites554
3.9.2Carbonmaterialsforsorptionofviscousfluids572
3.9.3Carbonfibers595
References599
Acknowledgements603
SubjectIndexes604