This proceedings collects 32 articles that are presented in the international symposium of "Ultrafast and Nano Optics" held in Beijing University of Technology in October, 2007. A variety of focused topics were covered by this symposium, including ultrafast laser technology, laser micromachining, time-resolved spectroscopy, nano-fabrication and characterization, micro- and nano-scale organic and inorganic optoelectronics. The articles have been reorganized systematically so that they may provide a useful resource and a good reference for the graduate students and for the scientists in the fields of optics, laser technology, nanoscience and nanotechnology, and condensed matter physics.