Unit 1 Features of Academic Writing
1.1 Complexity
1.2 Formality
1.3 Objectivity
1.4 Explicitness
1.5 Hedging
Unit 2 Critical Reading and Writing
2.1 Reading Critically
2.2 Reading like a Writer
2.3 Writing like a Reader
2.4 Suggestions on Reading Critically
Language Focus (1):Taking a Stance
Language Focus (2):Nominalization
Unit 3 The Front Matter of a Research Paper
3.1 Overview of the Research Paper
3.2 Acknowledgements
Language Focus (3): Patterns of Gratitude Expressions
3.3 Titles
3.4 Abstracts
Language Focus (4): Linguistic Features of Abstracts
Unit 4 The Body of a Research Paper (1)
4.1 Introduction Sections
4.2 Claiming Centrality
4.3 Creating a Research Space
4.4 Occupying the Research Space
4.5 Reviewing the Literature
Language Focus (5): Citation and Attribution
Language Focus (6): Reporting Verbs
Unit 5 The Body of a Research Paper (2)
5.1 Methods Sections
Language Focus (7): Imperatives in Research Papers
5.2 Results Sections
Language Focus (8): Epistemic Stance Markers
5.3 Discussion Sections
Language Focus (9): Sentence Adverbs
5.4 Conclusion Sections
Unit 6 Writing Data Commentaries
6.1 Strength of Claim
6.2 Structure of Data Commentaries
Language Focus (10): Attitudinal and Style Stance Markers
6.3 Moderating a Claim
6.4 Concluding a Commentary
6.5 Dealing with Diagrams and Illustrations
Unit 7 Writing Summaries
7.1 Pointers for Summary Writing
7.2 Avoiding Plagiarism
Language Focus (11): Passive Voice
Language Focus (12): Conditional Tenses
Unit 8 Critiques, Reviews and Reactions
8.1 Writing Critiques
Language Focus (13): Scare Quotes
8.2 Reviews
Language Focus (14): Shell Nouns
8.3 Reaction papers
Language Focus (15): Metadiscourse Devices
References