Preface
Abbreviations
Introduction
PART Ⅰ FUNDAMENTALS
1.Phonology
2.Morphology
3.Lexicography
4， Syntax
5.Semantics
6.Discourse
7.Pragmatics and Dialogue
8.Formal Grammars and Languages
9.Complexity
PART Ⅱ PROCESSES， METHODS， AND RESOURCES
1O.Text Segmentation
11.Part-of-Speech Tagging
12.Parsing
13.Word-Sense Disambiguation
14.Anaphora Resolution
15.Natural Language Generation
16.Speech Recognition
17.Text-to-Speech Synthesis
18.Finite-State Technology
19.Statistical Methods
20.Machine Learning
21.Lexical Knowledge Acquisition
22.Evaluation
23.Sublanguages and Controlled Languages
24.Corpus Linguistics
25.Ontologies
26.Tree-Adjoining Grammars
PART Ⅲ APPLICATIONS
27.Machine Translation： General Overview，JOHN HUTCHINS
28.Machine Translation： Latest Developments，HAROLD SOMERS
29.Information Retrieval EVELYNE TZOUKERMANN， JUDITH L. KLAVANS，AND TOMEK STRZALKOWSKI
30.Information Extraction RALPH GRISHMAN
31.Question Answering，SANDA HARABAGIU AND DAN MOLDOVAN
32.Text Summarization EDUARD HovY
33.Term Extraction and Automatic Indexing，CHRISTIAN JACQUEMIN AND DIDIER BOURIGAULT
34.Text Data Mining MARTI A. HEARST
35.Natural Language Interaction ION ANDROUTSOPOULOS AND MARIA ARETOULAKI
36.Natural Language in Multimodal and Multimedia Systems ELISABETH ANDR
37.Natural Language Processing in Computer-Assisted Language Learning JOHN NERBONNE
38.Multilingual On-Line Natural Language Processing
Notes on Contributors
Glossary
Index of Authors
Subject Index
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