Preface
Visual Summary
1. Fundamentals of Energy--Science and Technology
1.1 Energy Consumption and Standard of Living
1.2 Oil Crisis of 1973
1.3 Clasification of Energy Resources
1.4 Consumption Trend of Primary Energy Resources
1.5 Importance of Non-Conventional Energy Sources
1.6 Energy Chain
1.7 Comon Forms of Energy
1.8 Advantages and Disadvantages of Conventional Energy Sources
1.9 Salient Features of Non-Conventional Energy Sources
1.10 Environmental Aspects of Energy
1.11 Environment-Economy-Energy and Sustainable Development
1.12 Energy Densities (Heating values) of Various Fuels
1.13 World Energy Status
1.14 Energy Scenario in India
1.15 Applied Thermodynamics--a Review
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2. Energy Conservation
2.1 Salient Features of \Energy Conservation Act, 2001\
2.2 Various Aspects of Energy Conservation
2.3 Principles of Energy Conservation
2.4 General Electrical ECO's (Energy Conservation Opportunities)
2.5 Cogeneration
2.6 Combined Cycle (Binary Cycle) Plants
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3. Energy Storage
3.1 Necesity of Energy Storage
3.2 Energy Storage Methods
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4. Solar Energy -- Basics
4.1 The Sun as a Source of Energy
4.2 The Earth
4.3 Sun, Earth Radiation Spectrums
4.4 Extraterrestrial and Terrestrial Radiations
4.5 Spectral Energy Distribution of Solar Radiation
4.6 Depletion of Solar Radiation
4.7 Measurements of Solar Radiation
4.8 Solar Radiation Data
4.9 Solar Time (Local Apparent Time)
4.10 Solar Radiation Geometry
4.11 Solar Day Length
4.12 Empirical Equations for Estimating Solar Radiation Availability on Horizontal Surface for Cloudy Skies:
4.13 Hourly Global, Diffuse and Beam Radiations on Horizontal Surface Under Cloudless Skies
4.14 Solar Radiation on Inclined Plane Surface
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5. Solar Thermal Systems
5.1 Solar Collectors
5.2 Solar Water Heater
5.3 Solar Pasive Space - Heating and Cooling Systems
5.4 Solarind Ustrial Heating Systems
5.5 Solar Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Systems
5.6 Solar Cookers
5.7 Solar Furnaces
5.8 Solar Green House
5.9 Solar Dryer
5.10 Solar Distilation (or Desalination of Water )
5.11 Solar Thermo-Mechanical Systems
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6. Solar Photovoltaic Systems
6.1 Solar Cell Fundamentals
6.2 Solar Cell Characteristics
6.3 Solar Cell Classification
6.4 Solar Cell, Module, Panel and Array Construction
6.5 Maximizing the Solar PV Output and Load Matching
6.6 Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT)
6.7 Balance of System Components
6.8 Solar PV Systems
6.9 Solar PV Aplications
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7. Wind Energy
7.1 Origin of Winds
7.2 Nature of Winds
7.3 Wind Turbine Siting
7.4 Major Aplications of Wind Power
7.5 Basics of Fluid Mechanics
7.6 Wind Turbine Aerodynamics
7.7 Wind Turbine Types and Their Construction
7.8 Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS)
7.9 Wind-Diesel Hybrid System
7.10 Effects of Wind Speed and Grid Condition(System Integration)
7.11 Wind-Energy Storage
7.12 Environmental Aspects
7.13 Wind-Energy Programme in India
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8. Biomass Energy
8.1 Photosynthesis Process
8.2 Usable Forms of Biomass, their Composition and Fuel Properties
8.3 Biomass Resources
8.4 Biomass Conversion Technologies
8.5 Urban Waste to Energy Conversion
8.6 Biomass Gasification
8.7 Biomass Liquefaction
8.8 Biomass to Ethanol Production
8.9 Biogas Production from Waste Biomass
8.10 Energy Farming
8.11 Biomass Energy Programme in India(as on December 2007)
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9. Geothermal Energy
9.1 Applications
9.2 Origin and Distribution of Geothermal Energy
9.3 Types of Geothermal Resources
9.4 Analysis of Geothermal Resources
9.5 Exploration and Development of Geothermal Resources
9.6 Environmental Consideration
9.7 Geothermal Energy in India
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10. Ocean Energy
10.1 Tidal Energy
10.2 Wave Energy
10.3 Ocean Thermal Energy
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11. Small Hydro Resources
11.1 Advantages and disadvantages of Small Hydro Schemes
11.2 Layout of a Micro-Hydro Scheme
11.3 Water Turbines
11.4 Turbine Clasification, Characteristics and Selection
11.5 Generators
11.6 Present Status
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12. Emerging Technologies
12.1 Fuel Cell 360
12.2 Hydrogen Energy
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13. Miscellaneous Non-conventional Technologies
13.1 Magneto Hydrodynamic (MHD) Power Conversion
13.2 Thermoelectric Power Conversion
13.3 Thermionic Power Conversion
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14. Financial and Economic Evaluation
14.1 Basic Terms and Definitions
14.2 Calculations for the Case of Single Payment (or Receipt)
14.3 Calculations for Uniform Series of Payments (or Receipt )
14.4 Calculations for Uniform Gradient Series of Payments(or Receipt)
14.5 Calculations for Geometric Gradient Series of Payments (or Receipt)
14.6 Effect of Inflation on Cash Flows
14.7 Comparative Economic Evaluation of Alternatives
14.8 Effect of Depredation and Tax on Cash Flows
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Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
Appendix D
Appendix E
Appendix F
Index
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