高性能Python（影印版）

Preface
1. Understanding Performant Python
　The Fundamental Computer System
　Computing Units
　Memory Units
　Communications Layers
　Putting the Fundamental Elements Together
　Idealized Computing Versus the Python Virtual Machine
　So Why Use Python?
2. Profiling to Find Bottlenecks
　Profiling Efficiently
　Introducing the Julia Set
　Calculating the Full Julia Set
　Simple Approaches to Timing--print and a Decorator
　Simple Timing Using the Unix time Command
　Using the cProfile Module
　Using runsnakerun to Visualize cProfile Output
　Using line_profiler for Line-by-Line Measurements
　Using memory_profiler to Diagnose Memory Usage
　Inspecting Objects on the Heap with heapy
　Using dowser for Live Graphing of Instantiated Variables
　Using the dis Module to Examine CPython Bytecode
　Different Approaches, Different Complexity
　Unit Testing During Optimization to Maintain Correctness
　No-op @profile Decorator
　Strategies to Profile Your Code Successfully
　Wrap-Up
3. Lists and Tuples
　A More Efficient Search
　Lists Versus Tuples
　Lists as Dynamic Arrays
　Tuples As Static Arrays
　Wrap-Up
4. Dictionaries and Sets
　How Do Dictionaries and Sets Work?
　Inserting and Retrieving
　Deletion
　Resizing
　Hash Functions and Entropy
　Dictionaries and Namespaces
　Wrap-Up
5. Iterators and Generators
　Iterators for Infinite Series
　Lazy Generator Evaluation
　Wrap-Up
6. Matrix and Vector Computation
　Introduction to the Problem
　Aren't Python Lists Good Enough?
　Problems with Allocating Too Much
　Memory Fragmentation
　Understanding perf
　Making Decisions with perf's Output
　Enter numpy
　Applying numpy to the Diffusion Problem
　Memory Allocations and In-Place Operations
　Selective Optimizations: Finding What Needs to Be Fixed
　numexpr: Making In-Place Operations Faster and Easier
　A Cautionary Tale: Verify "Optimizations" (scipy)
　Wrap-Up
7. Compiling to C
　What Sort of Speed Gains Are Possible?
　JIT Versus AOT Compilers
　Why Does Type Information Help the Code Run Faster?
　Using a C Compiler
　Reviewing the Julia Set Example
　Cvthon
　Compiling a Pure-Python Version Using Cython
　Cython Annotations to Analyze a Block of Code
　Adding Some Type Annotations
　Shed Skin
　Building an Extension Module
　The Cost of the Memory Copies
　Cython and numpy
　ParaUelizing the Solution with OpenMP on One Machine
　Numba
　Pythran
　PyPy
　Garbage Collection Differences
　Running PyPy and Installing Modules
　When to Use Each Technology
　Other Upcoming Projects
　A Note on Graphics Processing Units (GPUs)
　A Wish for a Future Compiler Project
　Foreign Function Interfaces
　ctypes
　cffi
　f2py
　CPython Module
　Wrap-Up
8. Concurrency
　Introduction to Asynchronous Programming
　Serial Crawler
　gevent
　tornado
　AsyncIO
　Database Example
　Wrap-Up
9. lhe multiprocessing Module
　An Overview of the Multiprocessing Module
　Estimating Pi Using the Monte Carlo Method
　Estimating Pi Using Processes and Threads
　Using Python Objects
　Random Numbers in Parallel Systems
　Using numpy
　Finding Prime Numbers
　Queues of Work
　Verifying Primes Using Interprocess Communication
　Serial Solution
　Naive Pool Solution
　A Less Naive Pool Solution
　Using Manager.Value as a Flag
　Using Redis as a Flag
　Using RawValue as a Flag
　Using mmap as a Flag
　Using mmap as a Flag Redux
　Sharing numpy Data with multiprocessing
　Synchronizing File and Variable Access
　File Locking
　Locking a Value
　Wrap-Up
10. Clusters and Job Queues
　Benefits of Clustering
　Drawbacks of Clustering
　$462 Million Wall Street Loss Through Poor Cluster Upgrade Strategy
　Skype's 24-Hour Global Outage
　Common Cluster Designs
　How to Start a Clustered Solution
　Ways to Avoid Pain When Using Clusters
　Three Clustering Solutions
　Using the Parallel Python Module for Simple Local Clusters
　Using IPython Parallel to Support Research
　NSQ for Robust Production Clustering
　Queues
　Pub/sub
　Distributed Prime Calculation
　Other Clustering Tools to Look At
　Wrap-Up
11. Using Less RAM
　Objects for Primitives Are Expensive
　The Array Module Stores Many Primitive Objects Cheaply
　Understanding the RAM Used in a Collection
　Bytes Versus Unicode
　Efficiently Storing Lots of Text in RAM
　Trying These Approaches on 8 Million Tokens
　Tips for Using Less RAM
　Probabilistic Data Structures
　Very Approximate Counting with a 1-byte Morris Counter
　K-Minimum Values
　Bloom Filters
　LogLog Counter
　Real-World Example
12. Lessons from the Field
　Adaptive Lab's Social Media Analytics (SOMA)
　Python at Adaptive Lab
　SoMA's Design
　Our Development Methodology
　Maintaining SoMA
　Advice for Fellow Engineers
　Making Deep Learning Fly with RadimRehurek.com
　The Sweet Spot
　Lessons in Optimizing
　Wrap-Up
　Large-Scale Productionized Machine Learning at Lyst.com
　Pythons Place at Lyst
　Cluster Design
　Code Evolution in a Fast-Moving Start-Up
　Building the Recommendation Engine
　Reporting and Monitoring
　Some Advice
　Large-Scale Social Media Analysis at Smesh
　Pythons Role at Smesh
　The Platform
　High Performance Real-Time String Matching
　Reporting, Monitoring, Debugging, and Deployment
　PyPy for Successful Web and Data Processing Systems
　Prerequisites
　The Database
　The Web Application
　OCR and Translation
　Task Distribution and Workers
　Conclusion
　Task Queues at Lanyrd.com
　Python's Role at Lanyrd
　Making the Task Queue Performant
　Reporting, Monitoring, Debugging, and Deployment
　Advice to a Fellow Developer
　Index