Chapter 01 建筑效果图后期处理知识
1.1 什么是电脑建筑效果图 .........................................................................1
1.2 电脑建筑效果图的特点 .........................................................................2
1.3 电脑建筑效果图与手绘图的区别与联系 ..................................................3
1.4 电脑建筑效果图的用途 .........................................................................4
1.5 Photoshop 后期处理的作用 .................................................................4
1.6 为什么用 Photoshop 软件进行效果图后期处理 .......................................6
1.7 Photoshop 在建筑表现中的应用 ...........................................................6
1.7.1 室内彩色平面图 .............................................................................. 7
1.7.2 彩色总平面图 ................................................................................. 7
1.7.3 建筑立面图 .................................................................................... 8
1.7.4 建筑效果图 .................................................................................... 9
1.8 效果图后期处理的基本流程 ..................................................................9
1.9 小结 ................................................................................................13
Chapter 02 Photoshop 建筑表现应用
2.1 Photoshop CS6 的工作界面介绍 ........................................................14
2.2 Photoshop CS6 中重要术语的含义 .....................................................16
2.2.1 图层 .............................................................................................16
2.2.2 蒙版 .............................................................................................17
2.2.3 通道 .............................................................................................21
2.2.4 路径 .............................................................................................25
2.3 与图像相关的概念 .............................................................................26
2.3.1 图像形式 ......................................................................................26
2.3.2 像素 .............................................................................................27
2.3.3 分辨率 .........................................................................................28
2.3.4 常用图像色彩模式 ..........................................................................28
2.3.5 常用图像文件格式 ..........................................................................30
2.4 像素尺寸与打印图像分辨率 ................................................................31
2.5 图层及图层控制 ................................................................................32
2.5.1 图层概述 ......................................................................................32
2.5.2 图层模式 ......................................................................................34
2.5.3 图层属性 ......................................................................................34
2.5.4 图层操作 ......................................................................................34
2.6 色调、色相、饱和度和对比度 .............................................................36
2.7 小结 ................................................................................................37
Chapter 03 Photoshop常用工具和命令
3.1 图像选择工具 ...................................................................................38
3.1.1 圈地式选择工具 .............................................................................39
3.1.2 颜色选择工具 ................................................................................41
3.1.3 路径选择工具 ................................................................................43
3.2 图像编辑工具 ...................................................................................45
3.2.1 橡皮擦工具 ...................................................................................45
3.2.2 加深和减淡工具 .............................................................................46
3.2.3 图章工具 ......................................................................................47
3.2.4 修复工具 ......................................................................................48
3.2.5 文字工具 ......................................................................................50
3.2.6 裁剪工具 ......................................................................................51
3.3 图像选择和编辑命令 ..........................................................................51
3.3.1 色彩范围命令 ................................................................................51
3.3.2 调整边缘命令 ................................................................................53
3.3.3 图像变换命令 ................................................................................54
3.3.4 调整图层命令 ................................................................................56
3.4 图像调整命令 ...................................................................................57
3.4.1 【色阶】命令 .................................................................................57
3.4.2 【亮度/对比度】命令 .....................................................................58
3.4.3 【色彩平衡】命令 ...........................................................................60
3.4.4 【曲线】命令 .................................................................................61
3.4.5 【色相/饱和度】命令 .....................................................................64
3.5 配景素材的移动、缩放 .......................................................................65
3.5.1 配景素材的移动 .............................................................................65
3.5.2 配景素材的缩放 .............................................................................66
3.6 【渐变工具】在后期处理中的应用 ........................................................67
3.6.1 使用【渐变工具】制作普通倒影 .......................................................67
3.6.2 使用【渐变工具】制作灯光效果 .......................................................68
3.7 小结 ................................................................................................70
Chapter 04 各种常用纹理贴图的制作
4.1 金属质感贴图的制作 ..........................................................................71
4.1.1 拉丝不锈钢质感贴图的制作 .............................................................71
4.1.2 液态金属质感贴图的制作 ................................................................74
4.1.3 铁锈质感贴图的制作 .......................................................................76
4.2 木纹质感贴图的制作 ..........................................................................78
4.3 建筑材料质感贴图的制作 ...................................................................80
4.3.1 砖墙质感贴图的制作 .......................................................................80
4.3.2 岩石质感贴图的制作 .......................................................................83
4.3.3 耐水材料贴图的制作 .......................................................................85
4.3.4 大理石质感贴图的制作 ...................................................................85
4.4 草地质感贴图的制作 ..........................................................................87
4.5 光域网贴图的制作 .............................................................................88
4.6 水纹质感贴图的制作 ..........................................................................89
4.7 透空贴图的制作 ................................................................................91
4.8 小结 ................................................................................................92
Chapter 05 效果图的色彩和光效处理
5.1 建筑与环境的色彩处理 .......................................................................93
5.1.1 确定效果图的主色调 .......................................................................93
5.1.2 使用色彩对比表现主题 ...................................................................94
5.1.3 如何调和建筑与环境的色彩 .............................................................95
5.1.4 建筑与环境的色彩对构图的影响 .......................................................96
5.2 建筑与环境的光影处理 .......................................................................96
5.3 室内常用光效的制作 ..........................................................................97
5.3.1 快速制作十字星光效果 ...................................................................97
5.3.2 制作台灯的光晕效果 .......................................................................98
5.4 室外常用光效的制作 ..........................................................................99
5.4.1 制作夜晚汽车流光效果 ...................................................................99
5.4.2 制作城市光柱效果 ........................................................................101
5.4.3 制作太阳光束效果 ........................................................................103
5.4.4 制作光线穿隙效果 ........................................................................104
5.4.5 制作镜头光晕效果 ........................................................................105
5.4.6 制作霓虹灯发光字效果 .................................................................106
5.5 效果图日景和夜景的相互转换 ...........................................................107
5.6 小结 ..............................................................................................115
Chapter 06 效果图缺陷补救
6.1 效果图的常见缺陷 ...........................................................................116
6.2 对效果图光照效果的补救 .................................................................117
6.2.1 修改灯光的照射强度 .....................................................................117
6.2.2 修改建筑色彩 ..............................................................................119
6.3 修补错误建模和材质 ........................................................................121
6.3.1 拖移复制法修改错误建模 ..............................................................122
6.3.2 工具修补法修改错误材质 ..............................................................122
6.4 用Photoshop调整画面构图 .............................................................124
6.4.1 位置线 .......................................................................................124
6.4.2 构图原则 ....................................................................................124
6.4.3 裁切法 .......................................................................................126
6.4.4 添加法 .......................................................................................127
6.5 小结 ..............................................................................................127
Chapter 07 配景素材的使用及处理方法
7.1 常用配景倒影效果的处理 .................................................................128
7.1.1 汽车倒影 ....................................................................................128
7.1.2 水面倒影 ....................................................................................131
7.2 常用配景投影效果的处理 .................................................................135
7.2.1 普通投影 ....................................................................................135
7.2.2 折线投影 ....................................................................................137
7.3 草地处理方法 .................................................................................139
7.3.1 直接调用草地素材 ........................................................................140
7.3.2 合成法制作草地 ...........................................................................141
7.3.3 复制法制作草地 ...........................................................................142
7.3.4 草地制作的注意事项 .....................................................................144
7.4 天空处理方法 .................................................................................145
7.4.1 直接添加天空配景素材 .................................................................146
7.4.2 巧用渐变工具绘制天空 .................................................................147
7.4.3 合成法让天空富有变化 .................................................................149
7.4.4 天空制作的注意事项 .....................................................................151
7.5 玻璃材质处理方法 ...........................................................................152
7.5.1 透明玻璃处理方法 ........................................................................153
7.5.2 反射玻璃处理方法 ........................................................................156
7.6 人物配景处理方法 ...........................................................................158
7.7 树木配景添加原则 ...........................................................................159
7.8 小结 ..............................................................................................160
Chapter 08 效果图的艺术处理
8.1 水彩效果 ........................................................................................161
8.2 油画效果 ........................................................................................163
8.3 素描效果 ........................................................................................165
8.4 水墨画效果 .....................................................................................166
8.5 雨景效果 ........................................................................................169
8.6 雪景效果 ........................................................................................171
8.7 云雾效果 ........................................................................................173
8.8 遮罩效果 ........................................................................................174
8.9 小结 ..............................................................................................175
Chapter 09 如何收集自己的配景素材库
9.1 什么是建筑配景 ..............................................................................176
9.2 建筑配景的添加原则 ........................................................................177
9.3 建筑配景的添加步骤 ........................................................................178
9.4 收集配景素材的几种方法 .................................................................178
9.5 几种常用配景素材的制作 .................................................................179
9.5.1 街景素材的制作 ...........................................................................179
9.5.2 喷泉素材的制作 ...........................................................................180
9.5.3 铺装素材的制作 ...........................................................................183
9.5.4 植物配景素材的制作 .....................................................................184
9.5.5 汽车素材的制作 ...........................................................................186
9.5.6 人物素材的制作 ...........................................................................187
9.5.7 雪景树木素材的制作 .....................................................................188
9.6 如何制作配景模板 ...........................................................................190
9.7 小结 ..............................................................................................195
Chapter 10 欧式客厅效果图后期处理
10.1 客厅效果图后期处理的要点 ............................................................197
10.2 客厅效果图后期处理 ......................................................................197
10.2.1 调整图像整体效果 ......................................................................197
10.2.2 客厅效果图的局部刻画 ................................................................199
10.2.3 为客厅效果图添加特殊光效 .........................................................203
10.3 小结 ............................................................................................204
Chapter 11 酒店大堂效果图后期处理
11.1 大堂效果图后期处理的要点 .............................................................206
11.2 大堂效果图后期处理 ......................................................................206
11.2.1 调整图像整体色调 ......................................................................206
11.2.2 酒店大堂细部的刻画 ...................................................................208
11.2.3 为酒店大堂效果图添加配景 .........................................................210
11.3 小结 .............................................................................................213
Chapter 12 制作室内彩平图
12.1 使用AutoCAD软件输出位图 ..........................................................215
12.1.1 使用【输出】命令输出位图 .........................................................215
12.1.2 使用“打印到文件”的方式输出位图 .............................................216
12.2 素材模块的制作 ............................................................................218
12.3 用Photoshop绘制室内彩平图 ........................................................221
12.3.1 调整输出的图纸 .........................................................................221
12.3.2 制作地面...................................................................................222
12.3.3 摆放家具...................................................................................224
12.3.4 处理细节...................................................................................225
12.4 小结 ............................................................................................226
Chapter 13 别墅效果图后期处理
13.1 别墅建筑效果图后期处理要点 .........................................................227
13.2 调整建筑 ......................................................................................228
13.3 添加天空背景 ................................................................................231
13.4 添加远景和中景配景 ......................................................................232
13.4.1 远景素材的添加 .........................................................................232
13.4.2 中景素材的添加 .........................................................................233
13.4.3 人物和汽车素材的添加 ................................................................236
13.5 添加近景配景 ................................................................................237
13.6 调整整体效果 ................................................................................240
13.7 小结 ............................................................................................241
Chapter 14 住宅小区效果图后期处理
14.1 住宅小区建筑效果图后期处理要点 ...................................................243
14.2 修饰住宅建筑主体 .........................................................................243
14.3 营造住宅建筑环境 .........................................................................248
14.3.1 天空及路面的添加 ......................................................................248
14.3.2 远景及中景绿化配景的添加 .........................................................250
14.3.3 近景配景的添加 .........................................................................253
14.3.4 人物及其他配景的添加 ................................................................256
14.3.5 整体调整...................................................................................257
14.4 小结 ............................................................................................259
Chapter 15 中式古建效果图后期处理
15.1 中式古建效果图后期处理的要点 ......................................................260
15.2 添加天空背景及远景配景 ................................................................261
15.3 调整建筑 ......................................................................................266
15.4 调整中景和近景及添加素材 ............................................................270
15.5 综合调整 ......................................................................................272
15.6 小结 ............................................................................................274
Chapter 16 夜景效果图后期处理
16.1 处理的要点及流程 .........................................................................275
16.2 调整建筑 ......................................................................................276
16.3 添加配景素材 ................................................................................279
16.3.1 天空的添加 ...............................................................................279
16.3.2 远景的添加 ...............................................................................280
16.3.3 植物的添加和调整 ......................................................................281
16.3.4 人物素材的添加 .........................................................................282
16.3.5 汽车和流光的添加 ......................................................................284
16.3.6 光效的制作 ...............................................................................285
16.3.7 最终调整...................................................................................287
16.4 小结 ............................................................................................287
Chapter 17 鸟瞰雪景效果图后期处理
17.1 鸟瞰效果图处理注意事项 ................................................................289
17.2 鸟瞰效果的表现 ............................................................................289
17.2.1 准备工作...................................................................................289
17.2.2 背景的制作 ...............................................................................291
17.2.3 主体建筑的处理 .........................................................................295
17.2.4 添加配景...................................................................................301
17.2.5 最终调整...................................................................................303
17.3 小结 ............................................................................................307
Chapter 18 建筑立面图制作
18.1 整理图纸 ......................................................................................309
18.2 背景制作 ......................................................................................310
18.3 调整建筑的立面颜色 ......................................................................310
18.4 小结 ............................................................................................312
Chapter 19 平面规划图的制作与表现
19.1 调整CAD图纸 ..............................................................................314
19.2 调整输出图纸 ................................................................................315
19.3 大环境及路面的处理 ......................................................................317
19.4 主体配景的添加与制作 ...................................................................320
19.5 素材模块的制作 ............................................................................323
19.6 植被及公共设施的添加 ...................................................................326
19.7 图像的整体调整 ............................................................................327
19.8 小结 ............................................................................................328
Chapter 20 效果图的打印输出
20.1 效果图打印输出准备工作 ................................................................329
20.2 效果图的打印与输出 ......................................................................330
20.2.1 打印属性设置 ............................................................................330
20.2.2 图像的打印设置 .........................................................................334
20.3 小结 ............................................................................................335
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