Table of Contents
Chapter Ⅰ?INTRODUCTION 1
Unintentional Harm 5
Hammontree v. Jenner 5
Supplemental Reading 9
Ⅰ. Ashtray Falling from Above 9
Ⅱ. Definition of Tort Law (Selected) 10
Ⅲ. For Every Wrong There is a Remedy ... Or is There? 11
Chapter Ⅱ?NEGLIGENCE (Ⅰ) 17
Standard of Care 17
Probability, Burden and Liability 19
United States v. Carroll Towing Co. 19
Negligence 22
Davison v. Snohomish County 22
Effect of Statute 24
Martin v. Herzog 24
Standard of Care and Unreasonable Risk 26
Adams v. Bullock 26
Aggravated Negligence 28
Chapter Ⅲ?NEGLIGENCE (Ⅱ) 31
Proof of Negligence 31
Byrne v. Boadle 32
Larson v. St. Francis Hotel 35
Multiple Defendants 37
Ybarra v. Spangard 37
Chapter Ⅳ?CAUSATION 43
Cause in Fact 43
Perkins v. Texas and New Orleans Ry. Co. 43
Summers v. Tice 47
Sindell v. Abbott Laboratories 48
Chapter Ⅴ?UNFORESEEABLE CONSEQUENCES 53
Unexpected Result 53
In re an Arbitration Between Polemisand AnotherAnd Furness,
Withy Co., Ltd. 53
Unexpected Victim 55
Palsgraf v. Long Island Railroad Co. 55
Proximate Cause 59
Petition of Kinsman Transit Co. 59
Intervening Causes 66
Derdiarian v. Felix Contracting Corp. 66
Secondary Accidents 69
McCoy v. American Suzuki Motor Corp. 69
Chapter Ⅵ?DEFENSES (Ⅰ) 75
Plaintiff’s Conduct: Contributory & Comparative Negligence 75
Contributory Negligence 76
Butterfield v. Forrester 76
Comparative Negligence 77
Daly v. General Motors Corporation 77
Assumption of Risk 85
Winterstein v. Wilcom 85
Assumption of Implied Risk 89
Rush v. Commercial Realty Co. 89
Chapter Ⅶ?DEFENSES (Ⅱ) 91
Statutory Bars 91
Statute of Limitations and Repose 91
Teeters v. Currey 92
Tort Liability of Municipalities 94
Riss v. City of New York 94
Immunity 98
DeLong v. Erie County 98
Chapter Ⅷ?REMEDIES 101
Compensatory & Punitive Damages 101
Damages For Physical Harm 102
Allocation Among Tortfeasors 110
Personal Injury Remedies 115
Anderson v. Sears, Roebuck & Co. 115
Richardson v. Chapman 118
“Grossly Excessive” Punitive Damages 124
BMW of North America, Inc. v. Gore 124
Intentional Trespass 131
Jacque v. Steenberg Homes, Inc. 131
Chapter Ⅸ?MEDICAL MALPRACTICE 139
Doctor/Patient Relationship 139
Moore v. Regents of University of California 139
Helling v. Carey 144
Henning v. Thomas 145
Chapter Ⅹ?PRODUCT LIABILITY & STRICT LIABILITY 151
Product Liability 151
MacPherson v. Buick Motor Co. 151
Strict Liability 156
Greenman v. Yuba Power Products, Inc. 156
Abnormally Dangerous Activity 160
Rylands v. Fletcher 160
Indiana Harbor Belt R.R. Co. v. American Cyanamid Co. 164
Manufacturing Defect 171
Rix v. General Motors Corp. 171
Design Defect 173
O’Brien v. Muskin Corp. 173
Chapter Ⅺ?INTENTIONAL INFLICTION OF MENTAL DISTRESS 179
State Rubbish Collectors Ass’n v. Siliznoff 179
Emotional Distress 181
Womack v. Eldridge 181
First Amendment Over Parody 184
Hustler Magazine, Inc. v. Falwell 184
Adventures of Larry Flynt 189
Chapter Ⅻ?DEFAMATION 193
Defamation 193
Defamation and Freedom of Speech 194
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan 194
Private Individuals 207
Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc. 207
Commercial Speech 212
Dun & Bradstreet, Inc. v. Greenmoss Builders 212
Chapter ⅫⅠ?PRIVACY & PUBLICITY 217
Privacy 217
Flake v. Greensboro News Co. 218
Celebrity and Paparazzi 221
Galella v. Onassis 221
Gallela and Paparazzi 224
Right of Publicity 225
Carson v. Here’s Johnny Portable Toilets, Inc. 225
Bi-Rite Enters., Inc. v. Button Master 229
Chapter ⅩⅣ?ECONOMIC INJURIES (Ⅰ) 235
Misrepresentation 235
Concealment and Nondisclosure 235
Swinton v. Whitinsville Savings Bank 235
International Products Co. v. Erie R.R. Co. 236
Misrepresentation to Third Persons 239
Credit Alliance Corporation v. Arthur Andersen & Co. 239
Chapter ⅩⅤ?ECONOMIC INJURIES (Ⅱ) 247
Tortious Interference With Advantageous Relations 247
Lumley v. Gye 247
Testing Systems, Inc. v. Magnaflux Corp. 248
Della Penna v. Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc. 250
Family Relations 261
Nash v. Baker 261
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