深入解析Windows操作系统 卷I（英文版 第7版）

Introduction / 引言\ti
1　Concepts and tools / 第 1章　概念和工具\t1
1．1　Windows operating system versions / Windows操作系统版本\t1
1．1．1　Windows 10 and future Windows versions /
Windows 10和后续Windows版本\t3
1．1．2　Windows 10 and OneCore / Windows 10和Windows系统核心\t3
1．2　Foundation concepts and terms / 基本概念和术语\t4
1．2．1　Windows API / Windows API\t4
1．2．2　Services， functions， and routines / 服务、功能和例行程序\t7
1．2．3　Processes / 进程\t8
1．2．4　Threads / 线程\t18
1．2．5　Jobs / 作业\t20
1．2．6　Virtual memory / 虚拟内存\t21
1．2．7　Kernel mode vs． user mode / 内核模式vs用户模式\t23
1．2．8　Hypervisor / 虚拟机管理程序\t27
1．2．9　Firmware / 固件版本\t29
1．3．0　Terminal Services and multiple sessions / 终端服务和多会话\t29
1．3．1　Objects and handles / 对象和处理\t30
1．3．2　Security / 安全\t31
1．3．3　Registry / 注册表\t32
1．3．4　Unicode / Unicode编码\t33
1．3　Digging into Windows internals / 深入挖掘Windows内部\t35
1．3．1　Performance Monitor and Resource Monitor /
性能监控和资源监控\t36
1．3．2　Kernel debugging / 内核调试\t38
1．3．3　Windows Software Development Kit / Windows SDK\t43
1．3．4　Windows Driver Kit / Windows驱动套件\t43
1．3．5　Sysinternals tools / 五大利器\t44
1．4　结论\t44
2　System architecture / 第 2章　系统架构\t45
2．1　Requirements and design goals / 需求和设计目标\t45
2．2　Operating system model / 操作系统模型\t46
2．3　Architecture overview / 架构概述\t47
2．3．1　Portability / 可移植性\t50
2．3．2　Symmetric multiprocessing / 对称多处理\t51
2．3．3 Scalability / 可扩展性\t53
2．3．4　Differences between client and server versions /
客户端和服务端版本的差异\t54
2．3．5　Checked build / 已验证版本\t57
2．4　Virtualization-based security architecture overview /
基于虚拟化技术的安全架构概述\t59
2．5　Key system components / 核心系统组件\t61
2．5．1　Environment subsystems and subsystem DLLs /
环境子系统和子系统DLL\t62
2．5．2　Other subsystems / 其他子系统\t68
2．5．3　Executive / 执行性\t72
2．5．4　Kernel / 内核\t75
2．5．5　Hardware abstraction layer / 硬件抽象层\t79
2．5．6　Device drivers / 设备驱动\t82
2．5．7　System processes / 系统进程\t88
2．6　Conclusion / 结论\t99
3 Processes and jobs / 第3章　进程和作业\t101
3．1　Creating a process / 创建一个进程\t101
3．1．1 CreateProcess* functions arguments / CreateProcess*函数参数\t102
3．1．2 Creating Windows modern processes / 创建Windows进程\t103
3．1．3 Creating other kinds of processes / 创建其他类型线程\t104
3．2 Process internals / 进程核心\t105
3．3 Protected processes / 受保护的进程\t113
3．3．1 Protected Process Light (PPL) / PPL\t115
3．3．2 Third-party PPL support / 第三方PPL支持\t119
3．4 Minimal and Pico processes / 最小进程和微进程\t120
3．4．1 Minimal processes / 最小进程\t120
3．4．2 Pico processes / 微进程\t121
3．5 Trustlets (secure processes) / Trustlets（安全进程）\t123
3．5．1 Trustlet structure / Trustlet结构\t123
3．5．2 Trustlet policy metadata / Trustlet策略元数据\t124
3．5．3 Trustlet attributes / Trustlet属性\t125
3．5．4 System built-in Trustlets / 系统内置Trustlets\t125
3．5．5 Trustlet identity / Trustlet标识\t126
3．5．6 Isolated user-mode services / 隔离的用户模式服务\t127
3．5．7 Trustlet-accessible system calls / Trustlet可访问的系统调用\t128
3．6 Flow of CreateProcess / 创建进程流程\t129
3．6．1 Stage 1： Converting and validating parameters andflags /
阶段1：转换并验证参数和标记\t131
3．6．2 Stage 2： Opening the image to be executed /
阶段2：打开要执行的镜像\t135
3．6．3 Stage 3： Creating the Windows executive process object /
阶段3：创建Windows可执行进程对象\t138
3．6．4 Stage 4： Creating the initial thread and its stack and context /
阶段4：创建初始线程以及它的堆栈和上下文\t144
3．6．5 Stage 5： Performing Windows subsystem–specific initialization /
阶段5：执行Windows子系统的特殊初始化\t146
3．6．6 Stage 6： Starting execution of the initial thread /
阶段6：开始执行初始线程\t148
3．6．7 Stage 7： Performing process initialization in the context of the new process /
阶段7：在新进程中的上下文执行进程初始化\t148
3．7 Terminating a process / 终止一个进程\t154
3．8 Image loader / 镜像加载器\t155
3．8．1 Early process initialization / 早期进程初始化\t157
3．8．2 DLL name resolution and redirection / DLL名称解析和重定向\t160
3．8．3 Loaded module database / 已加载组件的数据库\t164
3．8．4 Import parsing / 导入解析\t168
3．8．5 Post-import process initialization / 后导入进程初始化\t170
3．8．6 SwitchBack / SwitchBack\t171
3．8．7 API Sets / API集\t173
3．9 Jobs / 作业\t176
3．9．1 Job limits / 作业限制\t177
3．9．2 Working with a job / 处理一个作业\t178
3．9．3 Nested jobs / 嵌套作业\t179
3．9．4 Windows containers (server silos) /
Windows容器（服务器仓库）\t183
3．10 Conclusion / 结论\t191
4 Threads / 第4章　线程\t193
4．1 Creating threads / 创建线程\t193
4．2 Thread internals / 线程内部\t194
4．2．1 Data structures / 数据结构\t194
4．2．2 Birth of a thread / 线程的产生\t206
4．3 Examining thread activity / 检查线程活性\t207
4．3．1 Limitations on protected process threads /
受保护进程中线程的限制\t212
4．4 Thread scheduling / 线程调度\t214
4．4．1 Overview of Windows scheduling / Windows调度概述\t214
4．4．2 Priority levels / 优先级等级\t215
4．4．3 Thread states / 线程状态\t223
4．4．4 Dispatcher database / 调度数据库\t228
4．4．5 Quantum / 量子\t231
4．4．6 Priority boosts / 提高优先级\t238
4．4．7 Context switching / 上下文切换\t255
4．4．8 Scheduling scenarios / 调度场景\t256
4．4．9 Idle threads / 空闲线程\t260
4．4．10 Thread suspension / 线程挂起\t264
4．4．11 (Deep) freeze / （深度）冻结\t264
4．4．12 Thread selection / 线程选择\t266
4．4．13 Multiprocessor systems / 多处理器系统\t268
4．4．14 Thread selection on multiprocessor systems /
多处理器系统的线程选择\t283
4．4．15 Processor selection / 处理器选择\t284
4．4．16 Heterogeneous scheduling (big．LITTLE) /
多重调度（big．LITTLE）\t286
4．5 Group-based scheduling / 基于组的调度\t287
4．5．1 Dynamic fair share scheduling / 动态公平共享调度\t289
4．5．2 CPU rate limits / CPU速率限制\t292
4．5．3 Dynamic processor addition and replacement /
动态处理器添加和替换\t295
4．6 Worker factories (thread pools) / 工人工厂（线程池）\t297
4．6．1 Worker factory creation / 创建工人工厂\t298
4．7 Conclusion / 结论\t300
5 Memory management / 第5章　内存管理\t301
5．1 Introduction to the memory manager / 内存管理介绍\t301
5．1．1 Memory manager components / 内存管理组件\t302
5．1．2 Large and small pages / 大小页面\t303
5．1．3 Examining memory usage / 检查内存使用\t305
5．1．4 Internal synchronization / 内部同步\t308
5．2 Services provided by the memory manager / 内存管理提供的服务\t309
5．2．1 Page states and memory allocations / 页面状态和内存分配\t310
5．2．2 Commit charge and commit limit / 提交调度和提交限制\t313
5．2．3 Locking memory / 锁定内存\t314
5．2．4 Allocation granularity / 分配粒度\t314
5．2．5 Shared memory and mapped files / 共享内存和映射文件\t315
5．2．6 Protecting memory / 内存保护\t317
5．2．7 Data Execution Prevention / 数据执行保护\t319
5．2．8 Copy-on-write / 写时复制\t321
5．2．9 Address Windowing Extensions / 地址窗口化扩展\t232
5．3 Kernel-mode heaps (system memory pools) / 内核模式堆（系统内存池）\t324
5．3．1 Pool sizes / 池大小\t325
5．3．2 Monitoring pool usage / 监控池的使用\t327
5．3．3 Look-aside lists / 旁观列表\t331
5．4 Heap manager / 堆管理\t332
5．4．1 Process heaps / 堆进程\t333
5．4．2 Heap types / 堆类型\t334
5．4．3 The NT heap / NT堆\t334
5．4．4 Heap synchronization / 堆同步\t334
5．4．5 The low-fragmentation heap / 低碎片堆\t335
5．4．6 The segment heap / 分段堆\t336
5．4．7 Heap security features / 堆安全功能\t341
5．4．8 Heap debugging features / 堆调试功能\t342
5．4．9 Pageheap / 页面堆\t343
5．4．10 Fault-tolerant heap / 容错堆\t347
5．5 Virtual address space layouts / 虚拟地址空间布局\t348
5．5．1 x86 address space layouts / X86地址空间布局\t349
5．5．2 x86 system address space layout / X86系统地址空间布局\t352
5．5．3 x86 session space / X86会话空间\t353
5．5．4 System page table entries / 系统页面表条目\t355
5．5．5 ARM address space layout / ARM地址空间布局\t356
5．5．6 64-bit address space layout / 64bit地址空间布局\t357
5．5．7 x64 virtual addressing limitations / 64虚拟地址限制\t359
5．5．8 Dynamic system virtual address space management /
动态系统虚拟地址空间管理\t359
5．5．9 System virtual address space quotas / 系统虚拟地址空间配额\t364
5．5．10 User address space layout / 用户地址空间布局\t365
5．6 Address translation / 地址转化\t371
5．6．1 x86 virtual address translation / X86虚拟地址转化\t371
5．6．2 Translation look-aside buffer / 旁观缓冲转化\t377
5．6．3 x64 virtual address translation / X64虚拟地址转化\t380
5．6．4 ARM virtual address translation / ARM虚拟地址转化\t381
5．7 Page fault handling / 页面错误处理\t383
5．7．1 Invalid PTEs / 非法PTE\t384
5．7．2 Prototype PTEs / 原型PTE\t385
5．7．3 In-paging I/O / 页面内I/O\t386
5．7．4 Collided page faults / 页面错误冲突\t387
5．7．5 Clustered page faults / 页面错误聚集\t387
5．7．6 Page files / 页面文件\t389
5．7．7 Commit charge and the system commit limit /
提交调度和系统提交限制\t394
5．7．8 Commit charge and page file size / 提交调度和页面文件大小\t397
5．8 Stacks / 栈\t398
5．8．1 User stacks / 用户栈\t399
5．8．2 Kernel stacks / 内核栈\t400
5．8．3 DPC stack / DPC栈\t401
5．9 Virtual address descriptors / 虚拟地址描述符\t401
5．9．1 Process VADs / VAD进程\t402
5．9．2 Rotate VADs / VAD轮询\t403
5．10 NUMA / NUMA\t404
5．11 Section objects / 段对象\t405
5．12 Working sets / 工作集\t412
5．12．1 Demand paging / 分页需求\t413
5．12．2 Logical prefetcher and ReadyBoot / 逻辑预取和启动准备\t413
5．12．3 Placement policy / 安置策略\t416
5．12．4 Working set management / 工作集管理\t417
5．12．5 Balance set manager and swapper / 平衡集合管理器和置换器\t421
5．12．6 System working sets / 系统工作集\t422
5．12．7 Memory notification events / 内存提醒事件\t423
5．13 Page frame number database / 页面框架序号数据库\t425
5．13．1 Page list dynamics / 页面动态列表\t428
5．13．2 Page priority / 页面优先级\t436
5．13．3 Modified page writer and mapped page writer /
修改和映射页面写入\t438
5．13．4 PFN data structures / PFN数据结构\t440
5．13．5 Page file reservation / 页面文件预定\t443
5．14 Physical memory limits / 物理内存限制\t446
5．14．1 Windows client memory limits / Windows客户端内存限制\t447
5．15 Memory compression / 内存压缩\t449
5．15．1 Compression illustration / 压缩图表\t450
5．15．2 Compression architecture / 压缩架构\t453
5．16 Memory partitions / 内存分割\t456
5．17 Memory combining / 内存联合\t459
5．17．1 The search phase / 寻找阶段\t460
5．17．2 The classifi cation phase / 分类阶段\t461
5．17．3 The page combining phase / 页面联合阶段\t462
5．17．4 From private to shared PTE / 从私有PTE到共享PTE\t462
5．17．5 Combined pages release / 联合页面释放\t464
5．18 Memory enclaves / 内存区\t467
5．18．1 Programmatic interface / 编程接口\t468
5．18．2 Memory enclave initializations / 内存区初始化\t469
5．18．3 Enclave construction / 区结构\t469
5．18．4 Loading data into an enclave / 将数据加载到区\t471
5．18．5 Initializing an enclave / 初始化一个区\t472
5．19 Proactive memory management (SuperFetch) /
主动内存管理（SuperFetch）\t472
5．19．1 Components / 组件\t473
5．19．2 Tracing and logging / 跟踪和记录\t474
5．19．3 Scenarios / 场景\t475
5．19．4 Page priority and rebalancing / 页面优先级和平衡调整\t476
5．19．5 Robust performance / 鲁棒性能\t478
5．19．6 ReadyBoost / 启动准备\t479
5．19．7 ReadyDrive / 驱动准备\t480
5．19．8 Process refl ection / 进程反射\t480
5．20 Conclusion / 结论\t482
6 I/O system / 第6章　I/O系统\t483
6．1 I/O system components / I/O系统组件\t483
6．1．1 The I/O manager / I/O管理器\t485
6．1．2 Typical I/O processing / 典型I/O过程\t486
6．2 Interrupt Request Levels and Deferred Procedure Calls /
中断请求级别和延迟过程唤醒\t488
6．2．1 Interrupt Request Levels / 中断请求级别\t488
6．2．2 Deferred Procedure Calls / 延迟过程唤醒\t490
6．3 Device drivers / 设备驱动\t492
6．3．1 Types of device drivers / 设备驱动类型\t492
6．3．2 Structure of a driver / 驱动结构\t498
6．3．3 Driver objects and device objects / 驱动对象和设备对象\t500
6．3．4 Opening devices / 设备打开\t507
6．4 I/O processing / I/O过程\t510
6．4．1 Types of I/O / I/O的种类\t511
6．4．2 I/O request packets / I/O请求包\t513
6．4．3 I/O request to a single-layered hardware-based driver /
基于单层硬件驱动的I/O请求\t525
6．4．4 I/O requests to layered drivers / 分层驱动I/O请求\t533
6．4．5 Thread-agnostic I/O / 未知线程I/O\t536
6．4．6 I/O cancellation / 取消I/O\t537
6．4．7 I/O completion ports / I/O完成端口\t541
6．4．8 I/O prioritization / I/O优先级\t546
6．4．9 Container notifications / 容器提醒\t552
6．5 Driver Verifier / 驱动验证\t552
6．5．1 I/O-related verification options / I/O相关验证选项\t554
6．5．2 Memory-related verification options / 内存相关验证选项\t555
6．6 The Plug and Play manager / 即插即用管理器\t559
6．6．1 Level of Plug and Play support / 即插即用支持级别\t560
6．6．2 Device enumeration / 设备枚举\t561
6．6．3 Device stacks / 设备栈\t563
6．6．4 Driver support for Plug and Play / 支持即插即用的设备\t569
6．65 Plug-and-play driver installation / 即插即用驱动安装\t571
6．7 General driver loading and installation / 一般驱动的加载和安装\t575
6．7．1 Driver loading / 驱动加载\t575
6．7．2 Driver installation / 驱动安装\t577
6．8 The Windows Driver Foundation / Windows驱动基础\t578
6．8．1 Kernel-Mode Driver Framework / 内核模式驱动框架\t579
6．8．2 User-Mode Driver Framework / 用户模式驱动框架\t587
6．9 The power manager / 电源管理\t590
6．9．1 Connected Standby and Modern Standby / 连接待机和新版待机\t594
6．9．2 Power manager operation / 电源管理操作\t595
6．9．3 Driver power operation / 驱动电源操作\t596
6．9．4 Driver and application control of device power /
驱动和设备电源的应用程序控制\t599
6．9．5 Power management framework / 电源管理框架\t600
6．9．6 Power availability requests / 电源可用性请求\t602
6．10 Conclusion / 结论\t603
7 Security / 第7章　安全\t605
7．1 Security ratings / 安全评级\t605
7．1．1 Trusted Computer System Evaluation Criteria /
可信计算基系统评估标准\t605
7．1．2 The Common Criteria / 普遍标准\t607
7．2 Security system components / 安全系统组件\t608
7．3 Virtualization-based security / 基于虚拟化的安全\t611
7．3．1 Credential Guard / 证书防护\t612
7．3．2 Device Guard / 设备防护\t617
7．4 Protecting objects / 保护对象\t619
7．4．1 Access checks / 访问验证\t621
7．4．2 Security identifiers / 安全标识\t625
7．4．3 Virtual service accounts / 虚拟服务账户\t646
7．4．4 Security descriptors and access control / 安全描述符和访问控制\t650
7．4．5 Dynamic Access Control / 动态访问控制\t666
7．5 The AuthZ API / AuthZ API\t666
7．5．1 Conditional ACEs / 条件响应ACE\t667
7．6 Account rights and privileges / 账户权限和特权\t668
7．6．1 Account rights / 账户权限\t669
7．6．2 Privileges / 特权\t670
7．6．3 Super privileges / 超级特权\t675
7．7 Access tokens of processes and threads / 进程和线程的账户口令\t677
7．8 Security auditing / 安全审计\t677
7．8．1 Object access auditing / 对象访问审计\t679
7．8．2 Global audit policy / 全局审计策略\t682
7．8．3 Advanced Audit Policy settings / 高级审计策略设置\t683
7．9 AppContainers / 应用容器\t684
7．9．1 Overview of UWP apps / UWP应用概述\t685
7．9．2 The AppContainer / 应用容器\t687
7．10 Logon / 登录\t710
7．10．1 Winlogon initialization / Winlogon初始化\t711
7．10．2 User logon steps / 用户登录步骤\t713
7．10．3 Assured authentication / 确信的认证\t718
7．10．4 Windows Biometric Framework / Windows生物识别验证\t719
7．10．5 Windows Hello / Windows你好\t721
7．11 User Account Control and virtualization / 用户账户控制和虚拟化\t722
7．11．1 File system and registry virtualization /
文件系统和注册表虚拟化\t722
7．11．2 Elevation / 提升\t729
7．12 Exploit mitigations / 攻击缓解\t735
7．12．1 Process-mitigation policies / 进程缓解策略\t735
7．12．2 Control Flow Integrity / 控制流完整性\t740
7．12．3 Security assertions / 安全断言\t752
7．13 Application Identifi cation / 应用程序标识\t756
7．14 AppLocker / 应用锁\t757
7．15 Software Restriction Policies / 软件限制策略\t762
7．16 Kernel Patch Protection / 内核补丁保护\t764
7．17 PatchGuard / 补丁防护\t765
7．18 HyperGuard / 高度防护\t768
7．19 Conclusion / 结论\t770
Index / 索引\t771