第1 章 无人机简介 ...................................................................................... 1
1.1 航空模型的历史 ............................................................................................................ 1
1.2 无人机与航模的区别 .................................................................................................... 3
1.3 无人机的分类 ................................................................................................................ 4
1.4 无人机的使用安全 ........................................................................................................ 5
复习与思考............................................................................................................................. 7
第2 章 多旋翼无人机机架设计 .................................................................... 8
2.1 初识SOLIDWORKS .................................................................................................... 9
2.1.1 SOLIDWORKS 基本操作 .................................................................................. 9
2.1.2 SOLIDWORKS 用户界面 ................................................................................ 11
2.2 机臂设计 ...................................................................................................................... 15
2.3 管夹设计 ...................................................................................................................... 17
2.4 电机设计 ...................................................................................................................... 22
2.5 电机座设计 .................................................................................................................. 28
2.6 GPS 支架设计 ............................................................................................................. 29
2.7 中心板及挂载板设计 .................................................................................................. 34
2.8 脚架设计 ...................................................................................................................... 37
2.9 桨叶设计 ...................................................................................................................... 40
2.10 总体装配 .................................................................................................................... 45
复习与思考........................................................................................................................... 51
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第3 章 多旋翼无人机机架生产与加工 ........................................................ 52
3.1 初识NcStudio .............................................................................................................. 52
3.2 NcStudio 基本操作 ...................................................................................................... 52
3.3 碳纤维板加工 .............................................................................................................. 66
3.4 初识Cura ..................................................................................................................... 74
3.4.1 Cura 首次启动设置向导 .................................................................................. 74
3.4.2 模型的载入和查看 ........................................................................................... 76
3.4.3 模型的调整 ....................................................................................................... 81
3.4.4 基础切片设置 ................................................................................................... 84
3.4.5 高级切片设置 ................................................................................................... 86
3.4.6 输出Gcode 文件 .............................................................................................. 87
3.4.7 结束语 ............................................................................................................... 88
3.5 3D 打印机的基本应用 ................................................................................................ 88
3.5.1 连接打印机 ....................................................................................................... 88
3.5.2 手动控制打印机 ............................................................................................... 90
3.5.3 上传、下载Gcode 文件 .................................................................................. 91
3.5.4 打印Gcode 文件 .............................................................................................. 91
3.6 脚架等辅助部件的加工 .............................................................................................. 91
复习与思考........................................................................................................................... 95
第4 章 多旋翼无人机电气控制系统的设计 ................................................ 96
4.1 无刷电机 ...................................................................................................................... 96
4.2 电子调速器 .................................................................................................................. 97
4.3 舵机 ............................................................................................................................. 98
4.4 航空电池 .................................................................................................................... 101
4.5 平衡充电器 ................................................................................................................ 103
4.6 无线电遥控 ................................................................................................................ 104
4.7 飞行控制系统 ............................................................................................................ 106
复习与思考......................................................................................................................... 107
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第5 章 多旋翼无人机开源控制系统的应用 .............................................. 108
5.1 初识Pixhawk ............................................................................................................. 108
5.2 固件的更新与刷写 .................................................................................................... 112
5.3 机架类型设置 ............................................................................................................ 117
5.4 初始化校准 ................................................................................................................ 118
5.5 试解锁检查 ................................................................................................................ 129
5.6 电调校准 .................................................................................................................... 131
5.7 飞行模式设置 ............................................................................................................ 132
5.8 电流计的使用 ............................................................................................................ 140
5.9 GPS 的使用 ............................................................................................................... 141
5.10 数传和OSD ............................................................................................................. 142
5.11 自动调参 .................................................................................................................. 145
5.12 自动微调和手动微调 .............................................................................................. 147
复习与思考......................................................................................................................... 147
第6 章 多旋翼无人机飞行 ....................................................................... 149
6.1 起飞与降落练习 ........................................................................................................ 149
6.2 升降练习 .................................................................................................................... 150
6.2.1 上升练习 ......................................................................................................... 150
6.2.2 下降练习 ......................................................................................................... 150
6.3 俯仰练习 .................................................................................................................... 150
6.3.1 俯冲练习 ......................................................................................................... 151
6.3.2 上仰练习 ......................................................................................................... 151
6.4 偏航练习 .................................................................................................................... 151
6.4.1 左偏航练习 ..................................................................................................... 151
6.4.2 右偏航练习 ..................................................................................................... 152
6.5 手动飞行 .................................................................................................................... 152
6.5.1 直线飞行 ......................................................................................................... 152
6.5.2 曲线飞行 ......................................................................................................... 152
6.6 自动飞行 .................................................................................................................... 153
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6.6.1 TAKEOFF 起飞 .............................................................................................. 154
6.6.2 WAYPOINT 航点 ........................................................................................... 154
6.6.3 SPLINE WAYPOINT 曲线航点 ..................................................................... 155
6.6.4 LOITER_TIME 定点延时 .............................................................................. 156
6.6.5 LOITER_TURNS 定点绕圈 .......................................................................... 156
6.6.6 LOITER_UNLIMITED 等待处理 ................................................................. 156
6.6.7 RETURN-TO-LAUNCH 自返 ....................................................................... 157
6.6.8 LAND 自主降落 ............................................................................................. 157
6.6.9 Do-Set-Roi 兴趣热点 ..................................................................................... 157
6.6.10 CONDITION-DELAY 条件延迟 ................................................................. 158
6.6.11 CONDITION-DISTANCE 条件距离 ........................................................... 159
6.6.12 CONDITION-YAW 条件指向 ..................................................................... 159
6.6.13 DO-JUMP 执行跳转 .................................................................................... 159
6.6.14 DO-CHANGE-SPEED 变更速度................................................................. 160
6.6.15 DO-SET-CAM-TRIGG-DIST 距离快门 ...................................................... 160
6.6.16 DO-SET-RELAY 继电器 .............................................................................. 160
6.6.17 DO-REPEAT-RELAY 重复继电器 .............................................................. 161
6.6.18 DO-SET-SERVO 舵机 .................................................................................. 161
6.6.19 DO-REPEAT-SERVO 重复舵机 .................................................................. 161
6.6.20 DO-DIGICAM-CONTROL 快门控制 ......................................................... 162
复习与思考......................................................................................................................... 162
附录A Pixhawk 标准参数 ........................................................................ 163
附录B 硅胶线参数 ................................................................................... 169
附录C 常用接口参数 ............................................................................... 170
附录D 常用电机参数 ............................................................................... 171
附录E Pixraptor 引脚接线定义 ................................................................ 172