英文科学论文写作教程

Contents

Chapter 1 An introduction to Scientific Writing　/ 001

1.1 What is scientific writing?　/ 001

1.2 Purposes of scientific writing 　/ 010

1.3. Structure/organization 　/ 012

1.4  The process of scientific writing 　/ 015

1.5  Scientific writing in English by Chinese scholars　/ 016

1.6  Summary 　/ 017

Chapter 2 Factors in scientific writing　/ 023

2.1  Introduction 　/ 023

2.2  Audience　/ 025

2.3  Purpose and strategy 　/ 028

2.4  Organization 　/ 030

2.5  Style 　/ 034

2.6  Flow of information 　/ 045

2.7  Summary　/ 052

Chapter 3 Clarity in scientific writing　/ 053

3.1  Introduction 　/ 053

3.2  Words 　/ 056

3.3  Choice of subjects and verbs　/ 067

3.4  Summary 　/ 084

Chapter 4  Paragraph writing 　/ 085

4.1 What is a paragraph  　/ 085

4.2 What preparations should you make?　/ 091

4.3  What are the three elements of a paragraph? 　/ 093

4.4  How to write a good paragraph 　/ 096

4.5  What is an effective paragraph? 　/ 101

4.6  Summary 　/ 111

Chapter 5  Summarizing & paraphrasing 　/ 115

5.1  Summarizing 　/ 115

5.2  Paraphrasing 　/ 133

5.4  Summary 　/ 141

Chapter 6  How to write the introduction 　/ 142

6.1 Features of the introduction 　/ 142

6.2  Core questions to address　/ 144

6.3  Audience and purpose 　/ 147

6.4  Organization 　/ 150

6.5  Language features of the introduction 　/ 167

6.6  Commonly used structures 　/ 172

6.7  Summary 　/ 189

Chapter 7  How to write the methods 　/ 193

7.1  Features of the methods section 　/ 193

7.2  Audience of the methods section 　/ 195

7.3  Organization 　/ 196

7.4  Language features 　/ 205

7.5  Commonly used structures 　/ 212

7.6  Summary 　/ 219

Chapter 8  How to write the results 　/ 220

8.1  Features of the results section 　/ 220

8.2  Audience of the results section 　/ 223

8.3  Organization 　/ 223

8.4  Language features 　/ 227

8.5  Commonly used structures　/ 237

8.6  Summary 　/ 242

Chapter 9  How to write the discussion 　/ 247

9.1  Features of the discussion section 　/ 247

9.2  Audience 　/ 250

9.3  Organization 　/ 250

9.4  Language features 　/ 260

9.5  Commonly used structures　/ 271

9.6  Summary　/ 278

Chapter 10  How to write the abstract　/ 279

10.1  Features of the abstract 　/ 279

10.2  Audience of the abstract 　/ 281

10.3  Organization 　/ 282

10.5  Commonly used structures 　/ 295

10.6  Summary 　/ 298

References　/ 299