Contents
Chapter 1.Introduction: what is SWH .........................................................................1
1.1 A brief history of SWH..........................................................................3
1.2 Different terms used to address SWH .................................................13
1.3 Different interpretations of SWH ........................................................19
1.4 Misusage .............................................................................................23
1.5 Key terms in SWH ..............................................................................26
1.6 Summary: What is SWH .....................................................................32
Chapter 2 Literature review of empirical studies on SWH ....................................33
2.1 Literature review on empirical studies in the neo-Whorfian period
(articles presented in English) .............................................................38
2.2 Literature review on empirical studies in the neo-Whorfian period
(articles presented in Chinese) ............................................................98
2.3 Summary ...........................................................................................101
Chapter 3 Research methodology: the neo-Whorfian research paradigm .......103
3.1 Picking a domain: the domain of time .............................................104
3.2 Linguistic coding of time in Chinese and English ............................109
3.3 Non-linguistic coding of time in the cognition of native speakers of
Chinese and English: temporal representations in cognition ............120
3.4 Summary ..........................................................................................136
Chapter 4 Do native Chinese and English speakers think about time
differently because they talk about time differently ..........................137
4.1 Experiment 1: time in spontaneous gestures .....................................139
4.2 Experiment 2: time in deliberate gestures .........................................171
4.3 Experiment 3: the STARC effect .......................................................215
Chapter 5 Conclusion ................................................................................................238
5.1 Answers to the research questions .....................................................238
5.2 Weaknesses of the present research ..................................................243
References .......................................................................................................................245
Appendixes.....................................................................................................................269
Appendix 1: spontaneous gestures of native Chinese speakers
(presented in interview order) ....................................................................270
Appendix 2: spontaneous gestures of native English speakers
(presented in interview order) ....................................................................285
Appendix 3: questions for native Chinese speakers in Experiment 2 ........307
Appendix 4: questions for native English speakers in Experiment 2 .........308