目录章语言学之邀约(InvitationstoLinguistics)··11.1语言定义性结构特征(DesignFeatures)··21.1.1任意性(Arbitrariness)··21.1.2双重性(DualityDoubleArticulation)··91.1.3创造性多产性(CreativityProductivity)··101.1.4移位性跨越时空性(Displacement)··141.1.5文化传承性(CulturalTransmission)··
141.2语言的功能(FunctionsofLanguage)··141.2.1雅各布森语言功能框架(Jakobson’sFrameworkofLanguageFunction)··151.2.2胡壮麟语言功能系统解析··151.3语言的起源(OriginofLanguage)··171.4语言学分支(MainBranchesofLanguage)··191.5语言学的基本概念区分(ImportantDistinctionsinLinguistics)··201.5.1
描述性研究与规定性研究(DescriptiveandPrescriptive)··201.5.2语言与言语(LangueandParole)··231.5.3语言能力与语言运用(CompetenceandPerformance)··241.5.4共时语言学与历时语言学(SynchronicandDiachronic)··26第二章语音学与音系学(PhoneticsandPhonology)··292.1语音学、音系学简介(IntroductiontoPhoneticsandPhonology)··
292.2语音(SpeechSounds)··302.2.1发音器官(SpeechOrgans)··302.2.2语音的书写形式(OrthographicRepresentationofSpeechSounds)··312.3辅音和元音(ConsonantsandVowels)··312.3.1辅音(Consonants)··322.3.2元音(Vowels)··362.4从语音学到音系学(FromPhoneticstoPhonology)··402.4.1音素、音位、音位变体和互补分布(Phone,phoneme,allophoneandComplementaryDistribution)··
402.4.2音位对立、最小对立体和最小对立集合(PhonemicContrast,MinimalPairandMinimalSet)··422.4.3协同发音(Coarticulation)··422.5音系过程与音系规则(PhonologicalProcessesandPhonologicalRules)··432.5.1同化(Assimilation)··432.5.2去浊化和增音(PhonologicalProcesses:DevoicingandEpenthesis)··
452.6区别性特征(DistinctiveFeatures)··472.7超音段(Suprasegmentals)··512.7.1音节结构与音节划分(TheSyllableStructureandSyllabification)··512.7.2词重音和句子重音(WordStressandSentenceStress)··542.7.3语调(Intonation)··552.7.4音调(Tone)··56第三章形态学(Morphonology)··593.1词的界定(IdentificationofWord)··
593.2词的构成(FormationofWord)··613.2.1语素(Morpheme)、语子(Morph),语素变体(Allomorph)和词位(Lexeme)··613.2.2语素(Morpheme)、义素(Sememe)和音素(Phoneme)··623.2.3词根(Root),词干(Stem)和词基(Base)··633.3构词法(WordFormation)··653.3.1派生法(Derivatio)··653.3.2复合法(Compound)··
723.3.3缩略法(AbbreviationShortening)··733.3.4混成法拼缀词(BlendingPortmanteau)··743.3.5转换法(Conversion)··753.3.6逆构法(Back-formation)··773.3.7借词法(Borrowing)··783.3.8造词法(InventionCoinage)··83第四章语义学(Semantics)··874.1利奇的七大词义(Leech’s7TypesofMeaning)··
884.2语义关系和语义场理论(SemanticRelationsandSemanticFieldTheory)··924.2.1词际语义关系(SenseRelationsbetweenWords)··924.2.2语义场理论(SemanticFieldTheory)··1064.3“意义”研究观点(SomeViewsConcerningtheStudyofMeaning)··1084.4意义的分析(AnalysisofMeaning)··1124.4.1述谓结构分析(PredicationAnalysis)··
1124.4.2语义成分分析法(ComponentialAnalysis)··1134.5句际含义关系(SenseRelationsbetweenSentences)··114第五章语用学(Pragmatics)··1165.1语用学发展简史(BriefHistoryofPragmatics)··1165.2句子意义、话语意义和语境意义(SentenceMeaning,UtteranceMeaning,ContextualMeaning)··1175.3语用语境(PragmaticContext)··
1195.4言语行为理论(SpeechActTheory)··1215.4.1奥斯汀的言语二分说(Austin’sDichotomyofUtterances)··1215.4.2奥斯汀的言语行为“三分说”(Austin’sTrichotomyofSpeechActs)··1225.4.3塞尔的言语行为“五分说”(Searle’sTypologyofSpeechActs)··1235.4.4间接言语行为(IndirectSpeechActs,ISA)··1245.5人际修辞(Leech’sInterpersonalRhetoric)··
1265.6合作原则(TheCooperativePrinciple)··1275.6.1合作原则及会话含义(ConversationalImplicature)··1275.6.2合作原则及其准则的违背(ViolationofCPandItsMaxims)··1305.6.3言外之意的特征(CharacteristicsofImplicature)··1395.7礼貌原则(Politeness)··1395.7.1“礼貌”的语用界定(IdentificationofPoliteness)··
1395.7.2“面子”理论和礼貌策略(Face-SavingTheoryandPolitenessStrategies)··1405.7.3礼貌原则及其准则(PolitenessPrincipleandItsMaxims)··1415.8新格赖斯发展时代(Neo-GriceanDevelopment)··1455.8.1关联理论(RelevanceTheory)··1455.8.2Q-原则、R-原则··1475.8.3列文森三原则:Q-原则、I-原则、M-原则··148
第六章第二语言习得(SecondLanguageAcquisition)··1506.1第二语言学习模式(SecondLanguageLearningModels)··1506.2克拉申理论(Krashen’sTheoryofSecondLanguageAcquisition)··1516.3学习者语言的本质(TheNatureofLearnerLanguage)··1526.3.1对比分析(ContrastiveAnalysis,comparisonofL1&L2,1960s)153
6.3.2偏误分析(ErrorAnalysis,analysisoflearnererrors)··1566.4第二语言习得个体差异(IndividualDifferencesinSLA)··1616.4.1多元智能(MultipleIntelligences)··1616.4.2认知因素(CognitiveFactors)··1626.4.3情感因素(AffectiveFactors)··1656.4.4习得年龄与关键期假说(AgeofLanguageAcquisitionandCriticalPeriodHypothesis)··
1686.4.5学习策略(LearningStrategies)··169