There are 8 chapters in this book. It covers optimization models, introduction to MATLAB, mathematical basis of optimization design, one-dimensional search method, interior optimization, boundary optimization, modern optimization methods, and introduction to other design methods. Problems involve mathematics, optimization and MATLAB programming. At the end, the text is supplemented by a glossary of index.This book is designed for graduate students or senior undergraduates. It can be used as a textbook for the course of Mechanical Optimization or Modern Mechanical Design Theory and Methods for graduate students or senior undergraduates, and also as a reference book for teachers, engineers specializing in mechanical engineering.