中国人的人格结构（英文）

　　Personality is a concept with many meanings. Philosophers， ethicists， jurists， educators， writers and psychologists all study personality with their own orientations. In psychology， personality refers to the synthesis of a person's psychological characteristics， and these stable traits will affect the characteristics of his behavior pattern in different situations and at different times. To put it simply， personality is a real person with features of one is the characteristics hidden inside； the other is the various behaviors shown to others. The explanation seems simple， but its connotation is very rich. Due to the richness and complexity of personality meaning and different views of research psychologists， a variety of research view has been formed in personality psychology fields. There are six main perspectives， including biological perspective， learning perspective， trait perspective， psychodynamic perspective， phenomenological perspective and sociocultural perspective.A biological perspective on personality research focuses on the genetic biological basis and physiological mechanism of personality. The perspective has existed since ancient times， For example， ancient Greek doctor Hippocrates （460 B.C.-377 B.C.） thought that people's temperament was determined by the mixing proportion of four body fluids （blood9 mucus， yellow bile， black 'oile） in their body. Later， Ivan Patrovich Pavlov （1849-1936） thought that temperament was determined by the intensity， balance and flexibility of the basic process （excitation and inhibition） of a person's higher nervous activity. There is a personality trait called aggression. Sigmund Freud （1856-1939） thought that it was driven by the innate death instinct of an individual； others thought that it was caused by the abnormal development of the brain， especially the asymmetry of both sides of the frontal region. Although biological perspectives have made some progress in personality research. However， in real life， personality is full of variety. We know little about the genetic basis and neural mechanism of personality. It is obviously inappropriate to interpret personality only based on biological knowledge.

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