Foreword
1 The Significance of Biodiversity001
11 The Meaning of Biodiversity002
12 Biodiversity as an Essential Basis for Economic and Social Development004
13 Biodiversity as a Solid Basis for Building a Shared Future for All Life on Earth010
131 Biodiversity Provides a Favorable Environment for the Harmonious
Coexistence of Organisms010
132 Biodiversity Provides Necessary Conditions for the Reproduction and
Evolution of Species013
133 Biodiversity Provides a Fundamental Guarantee for the Stability of
Ecosystems014
14 Biodiversity as a Major Pillar for Sustainable World Development016
15 Biodiversity as a Key Factor Affecting the Rise and Fall of Human Civilization020
2 Biodiversity: Current Status and Challenges023
21 Current Status of Biodiversity024
211 Loss of Species Diversity024
212 Deterioration of Ecosystem Diversity029
213 Loss of Genetic Diversity033
22 United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity035
221 Evolution of Biodiversity Conservation035
222 Implementation of Convention on Biological Diversity036
23 Main Challenges038
3 Major Drivers of the Biodiversity Crisis043
31 Habitat Loss045
311 Forest Destruction046
312 Grasslands Destruction048
313 Destruction of Freshwater Habitats050
314 Destruction of Marine Habitats051
32 Excessive Consumption of Biological Resources052
321 Excessive Consumption for Energy Use052
322 Excessive Consumption for Food054
323 Excessive Consumption for Medicinal Use054
324 Excessive Consumption for Clothes Making055
325 Excessive Consumption for Handicraft Use056
33 Climate Change056
331 Temperature Increases057
332 Ocean Acidification058
333 Glacier Melting058
334 Extremely Severe Disasters059
34 Environmental Pollution060
341 Air Pollution061
342 Freshwater Pollution061
343 Soil Pollution062
344 Marine Pollution062
35 Invasive Alien Species063
351 Unintentional Human Introduction of Alien Species064
352 Deliberate Human Introduction of Alien Species065
353 Invasion of Alien Species Indirectly Triggered by Climate Change066
354 Invasion of Genetically Modified Organisms067
36 Climate Change Is Increasingly Becoming the Overall Driver of the
Biodiversity Crisis067
4 Unsustainable Energy Development: an Important Cause of the Biodiversity Crisis069
41 Exacerbation of Climate Change071
411 Significant Amounts of CO2 Produced by Fossil Fuel Combustion071
412 Large Amounts of Methane Are Produced during Fossil Fuel Production
and Utilization073
42 Environmental Pollution073
421 Fresh Water and Soil Pollution due to Fossil Fuel Production073
422 Oil and Thermal Pollution Threatens Marine Ecological Security076
423 Air Pollution Caused by Fossil Fuel Combustion078
43 Habitat Loss081
431 Exploitation of Fossil Energy Intensifies Water and Soil Erosion in Mining
Areas081
432 Exploitation of Fossil Energy Leads to Habitat Fragmentation083
433 Fossil Energy Exploitation and Use Consumes Significant Water
Resources084
44 Excessive Biological Resource Consumption085
441 Biomass Energy Development and Usage Causes Excessive Forest
Resource Consumption085
442 Limited Electricity Access Leads to Tremendous Food Waste086
45 Increasing Risk of Biological Invasion086
46 Prioritizing Fossil Energy Development Seriously Threatens Biodiversity088
5 Promoting Biodiversity Protection through the Energy and Electric Power
Revolution089
51 Accelerated Energy and Electric Power Revolution Necessary to Achieve
Biodiversity Goals090
511 Biodiversity Protection Creates an Urgent Need for Green, Low-Carbon
Energy Development090
512 Directions of Energy and Electric Power Transition091
513 Energy and Electric Power Transition Tasks093
52 GEI Construction Is Core to the Energy and Electric Power Revolution096
521 The Essence of GEI096
522 GEI Promotes the Energy and Electric Power Revolution101
523 Development Roadmap for GEI105
53 Building GEI Offers a Systematic Solution for Biodiversity Protection111
531 Radically Addressing Climate Change112
532 Fully Controlling Environmental Pollution115
533 Dramatically Reducing Habitat Loss120
534 Effectively Promoting the Sustainable Use of Biological Resources127
535 Vigorously Promoting Ecological Restoration130
6 Plan and Roadmap for Promoting Biodiversity Conservation Based on GEI135
61 Plan for Promoting GEI-based Climate Governance136
611 Accelerate Reduction of Emissions during Energy Production137
612 Accelerate Emissions Reduction during Energy Consumption151
613 Actively Implement Negative Emissions Measures156
62 Plans for Promotion of Environmental Governance Based on GEI157
621 Accelerating the Phasing out of Fossil Fuels158
622 Advocate Green Energy Use163
623 Promote Clean Treatment of Pollutants167
63 Plans for Habitat Protection Based on GEI168
631 Accelerate the Development of High-Efficiency Ecological Agriculture168
632 Accelerate Energy, Transportation and Information Networks (ETI)
Integration169
633 Accelerate Micro-Grid on Islands174
64 Plans for Promoting Sustainable Use of Biological Resources Based on GEI175
641 Replace Firewood with Electricity to Reduce Deforestation175
642 Reduce Food Waste via Electric Refrigeration176
643 Reduce Consumption of Biological Resources via Electrosynthesis of
Raw Materials177
644 Promote Ecological Poverty Alleviation via Upgrading the Industrial Chain177
65 Plans for Promoting Ecological Restoration and Emergency Protection Based
on GEI178
651 Accelerate the Application of “Electricity-Water-Land-Forest”178
652 Promote Dynamic Biodiversity Monitoring Systems179
653 Improve Wildlife Emergency Protection Capabilities180
66 Innovation Plan for Key Biodiversity Promotion Technology Based on GEI183
661 Accelerate Technological Innovation in Clean Power Generation183
662 Accelerate Innovation in Clean Power Distribution185
663 Speed up Technological Innovation in Electricity Replacement186
664 Accelerate Technological Innovation in Electrosynthesis of Fuels and Raw Materials188
665 Accelerate innovation in CCUS technology189
67 GEI Provides an Excellent Tool for Promotion of Biodiversity Protection191
7 Supporting Mechanisms and Outlook193
71 Key Mechanisms for Biodiversity Conservation via GEI194
711 Planning and Coordination Mechanism195
712 Policy Support Mechanism195
713 Financial Investment Mechanism196
714 International Cooperation Mechanism196
715 Capacity Building Mechanism197
72 Future Outlook and Proposals198
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