A biomaterial is any substance that has been engineered to interact with bi-ological systems for a medical purpose-either a therapeutic (treat,augment,re-pair or replace a tissue function of the body) or a diagnostic one.As a science,biomaterials is about fifty years old.The study of biomaterials is called biomate-rials science or biomaterials engineering.It has experienced steady and strong growth over its history,with many companies investing large amounts of money into the development of new products.Biomaterials science encompasses elements of medicine,biology,chemistry,tissue engineering and materials science.Note that a biomaterial is different from a biological material,such as bone,that is produced by a biological system.Additionally,care should be exercised in defining a biomaterial as biocompatible,since it is application-specific.A bioma-terial that is biocompatible or suitable for one application may not be biocompati-ble in another.In the present book,twenty-three typical literatures about biomaterials pub-lished on international authoritative journals were selected to introduce the worldwide newest progress,which contains reviews or original researches on biomaterials science or biomaterials engineering.We hope this book can demon-strate advances in biomaterials as well as give references to the researchers,stu-dents and other related people.