As a long-standing social and economic phenomenon, poverty is a worldwide conundrum. Eliminating poverty is the common goal and good wish of all mankind. Since the Eighteenth Party's Congress, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) under the leadership of Xi Jinping has given poverty alleviation and sustainable development an important position in governance and administration of state affairs, and raised it to the new height of mattering the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects and the realization of the first centenary goal. Poverty alleviation, with the concept of "targeted poverty alleviation" being put forward, has been included in the decision-making and deployment of the "Five-in-One Overall Plan" (for promoting all-round economic, political, cultural, social and ecological progress) and the "Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy" (i.e. to build a moderately prosperous society; to deepen reforms; to advance the law-based governance of China; and to strengthen Party self-discipline).