目录
导读
PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION，1781
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION，1787
INTRODUCTION
I． Of the Difference Between Pure and Empirical Knowledge
II． The Human Intellect, even in an Unphilosophical State, is in Possession of Certain Cognitions A Priori
III． Philosophy Stands in Need of a Science which Shall Determine the Possibility, Principles, and Extent of Human Knowledge A Priori
IV． Of the Difference Between Analytical and Synthetical Judgements
V． In all Theoretical Sciences of Reason, Synthetical Judgements A Priori Are Contained as Principles
VI． The Universal Problem of Pure Reason
VII． Idea and Division of a Particular Science, Under the Name of a Critique of Pure Reason
TRANSCENDENTAL DOCTRINE OF ELEMENTS
PART I. TRANSCENDENTAL AESTHETIC
Introductory
SECTION I. OF SPACE
Metaphysical Exposition of this Conception
Transcendental Exposition of the Conception of Space
Conclusions from the Foregoing Conceptions
SECTION II. OF TIME
Exposition of this Conception
Transcendental Exposition of the Conception of Time
Conclusions from the Above Conceptions
Elucidation
General Remarks on Transcendental Aesthetic
Conclusion of the Transcendental Aesthetic
PART II. TRANSCENDENTAL LOGIC
I. Of Logic in General
II. Of Transcendental Logic
III. Of the Division of General Logic into Analytic and Dialectic
IV. Of the Division of Transcendental Logic into Transcendental Analytic and Dialectic
FIRST DIVISION
TRANSCENDENTAL ANALYTIC
BOOK I. ANALYTIC OF CONCEPTIONS
CHAPTER I. Of the Transcendental Clue to the Discovery of all Pure Conceptions of the Understanding
SECTION I. Of the Logical Use of the Understanding in General
SECTION II. Of the Logical Function of the Understanding in Judgements
SECTION III. Of the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding, or Categories
CHAPTER II. Of the Deduction of the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding
SECTION I. Of the Principles of a Transcendental Deduction in General
Transition to the Transcendental Deduction of the Categories
SECTION II. Of the Possibility of a Conjunction of the Manifold Representations Given by Sense
BOOK II. ANALYTIC OF PRINCIPLES
Of the Transcendental Faculty of Judgement in General
CHAPTER I. Of the Schematism of the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding
CHAPTER II. System of all Principles of the Pure Understanding
SECTION I. Of the Supreme Principle of all Analytical Judgements
SECTION II. Of the Supreme Principle of all Synthetical Judgements
SECTION III. Systematic Representation of all Synthetical Principles of the Pure Understanding
I. Axioms of Intuition
II. Anticipations of Perception
III. Analogies of Experience
A. FIRST ANALOGY—Principle of the Permanence of Substance
B. SECONGD ANALOGY—Principle of the Succession of Time
C. THIRD ANALOGY—Principle of Coexistence
IV. The Postulates of Empirical Thought
Explanation
Refutation of Idealism
General Remark on the System of Principles
CHAPTER III. Of the Ground of the Division of all Objects into Phenomena and Noumena
APPENDIX. Of the Equivocal Nature or Amphiboly of the Conceptions of Reflection from the Confusion of the Transcendental with the Empirical Use of the Understanding
Remark on the Amphiboly of the Conceptions of Reflection
SECOND DIVISION
TRANSCENDENTAL DIALECTIC
I. Of Transcendental Illusory Appearance
II. Of Pure Reason as the Seat of Transcendental Illusory Appearance
A. Of Reason in General
B. Of the Logical Use of Reason
C. Of the Pure Use of Reason
BOOK I. OF THE CONCEPTIONS OF PURE REASON
SECTION I. Of Ideas in General
SECTION II. Of Transcendental Ideas
SECTION III. System of Transcendental Ideas
BOOK II. OF THE DIALECTICAL PROCEDURE OF PURE REASON
CHAPTER I. Of the Paralogisms of Pure Reason
Refutation of the Argument of Mendelssohn for the Substantiality or Permanence of the Soul
Conclusion of the Solution of the Psychological Paralogism
General Remark on the Transition from Rational Psychology to Cosmology
CHAPTER II. The Antinomy of Pure Reason
SECTION I. System of Cosmological Ideas
SECTION II. Antithetic of Pure Reason
FIRST CONFLICT OF THE TRANSCENDENTAL IDEAS
SECOND CONFLICT OF THE TRANSCENDENTAL IDEAS
THIRD CONFLICT OF THE TRANSCENDENTAL IDEAS
FOURTH CONFLICT OF THE TRANSCENDENTAL IDEAS
SECTION III. Of the Interest of Reason in these Self-contradictions
SECTION IV. Of the Necessity Imposed upon Pure Reason of Presenting a Solution of its Transcendental Problems
SECTION V. Sceptical Exposition of the Cosmological Problems Presented in the four Transcendental Ideas
SECTION VI. Transcendental Idealism as the Key to the Solution of Pure Cosmological Dialectic
SECTION VII. Critical Solution of the Cosmological Problem
SECTION VIII. Regulative Principle of Pure Reason in Relation to the Cosmological Ideas
SECTION IX. Of the Empirical Use of the Regulative Principle of Reason, with Regard to the Cosmological Ideas
I. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Composition of Phenomena in the Universe
II. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Division of a Whole Given in Intuition
Concluding Remark on the Solution of the Transcendental Mathematical Ideas—and Introductory to the Solution of the Dynamical Ideas
III. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Deduction of Cosmical Events from their Causes
Possibility of Freedom in Harmony with the Universal Law of Natural Necessity
Exposition of the Cosmological Idea of Freedom in Harmony with the Universal Law of Natural Necessity
IV. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Dependence of Phenomenal Existences
Concluding Remarks on the Antinomy of Pure Reason
CHAPTER III. The Ideal of Pure Reason
SECTION I. Of the Ideal in General
SECTION II. Of the Transcendental Ideal—Prototypon Transcendentale
SECTION III. Of the Arguments Employed by Speculative Reason to Prove a Supreme Being’s Existence
SECTION IV. Of the Impossibility of an Ontological Proof of the Existence of God
SECTION V. Of the Impossibility of a Cosmological Proof of the Existence of God
Detection and Explanation of the Dialectical Illusion in all Transcendental Arguments for the Existence of a Necessary Being
SECTION VI. Of the Impossibility of a Physico-Theological Proof
SECTION VII. Critique of all Theology Based upon Speculative Principles of Reason
APPENDIX. Of the Regulative Employment of the Ideas of Pure Reason
Of the Ultimate End of the Natural Dialectic of Human Reason
TRANSCENDENTAL DOCTRINE OF METHOD
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER I. The Discipline of Pure Reason
SECTION I. The Discipline of Pure Reason in the Sphere of Dogmatism
SECTION II. The Discipline of Pure Reason in Polemics
Scepticism not a Permanent State for Human Reason
SECTION III. The Discipline of Pure Reason in Hypothesis
SECTION IV. The Discipline of Pure Reason in Relation to Proofs
CHAPTER II. The Canon of Pure Reason
SECTION I. Of the Ultimate End of the Pure Use of Reason
SECTION II. Of the Ideal of the Summum Bonum as a Determining Ground of the Ultimate End of Pure Reason
SECTION III. Of Opinion, Knowledge, and Belief
CHAPTER III. The Architectonic of Pure Reason
CHAPTER IV. The History of Pure Reason
术语汇编与简释
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