行走在城市的上空
在神话中，人们幻想着乘坐飞毯在城市中自由穿行。1980年有过飞毯似的个人飞行器设想，在城市中飞速穿行。1982年的电影《银翼杀手》里的警车就在城市上空飞行，许多未来理想城市的交通想象就是飞行汽车。《上海空中行走地图》（以下简称《行走地图》）让你体验一下在城市中飞行的乐趣，从特殊的角度来阅读上海这座摩天大都市。
真要想在布满高层建筑的垂直城市中行走，一个人大概需要有近千米的巨人身高，飞行才是唯一可行的方式。实际上，书中的行走宛若飞行，不受道路的限制，可以随心所欲地从高空俯瞰，多视角并立体化地观赏城市这一特殊的大地艺术，还能不断地发现“新大陆”。以高空视野穿行在上海中心城区的空中公共空间，必然带给人们视觉的冲击和惊喜。《行走地图》的飞行路线设定的是探访上海的高层建筑地标，以公共开放空间为主线，“飞行者”如大鹏鸟驻足于建筑上，极目远望，阅尽人间风光。《行走地图》谈历史，谈建筑，谈城市交通，谈城市生活和它的烟火气，谈城市更新；有赞赏，有解说，有感想，也有评论。
《行走地图》的特点是精美的空中摄影，许多视角是日常生活中不可遇见的。此外，与精致的图片相匹配，书中的文字也是作者经过推敲尽可能做到词语达意。有一位学者说过：影像往往比实际事物更为真实，因为，摄影是通过“照相机的眼睛”和摄影的理念教会人们一种新的观察世界的规则。摄影既反映又创造现实，阅读摄影就是去理解摄影对象及其周围环境的关联、摄影对象的各个要素与社会文化的渊源；去理解图像的内涵，揭示掩藏在摄影话语背后存在的现实以及摄影所创造的现实。摄影不仅是纪实和表现，建筑摄影通过新的视觉方式创造世界。
许多城市和地区都有空中摄影图集，我也喜欢收集这类图集。北京有一本《天下北京》，上海有四五种空中看上海的图集，一般都是在空中巡游，而《行走地图》是引领读者深入公共空间并解读城市空间。
首先是回溯城市的历史，《行走地图》开篇就把人们的视线带入外滩。外滩是上海的地标和历史的见证，之后就是老城厢——上海的城市之根，一路尽情欣赏之余，飞到南外滩，俯瞰黄浦江，对视浦东陆家嘴的中央商务区。从南外滩飞往苏州河，进入苏河湾，去看看大悦城的摩天轮。接着飞往上海的另一个地标——南京西路的新世界丽笙大酒店，从大酒店的顶端一睹中华第一街南京东路的纷繁多彩。接下来，从中央活动区又飞向另一个中央活动区——徐家汇，阅读城市的历史变迁。
在第二部分里，《行走地图》带着读者飞回到那座火箭般造型的明天广场。这里可以对城市空间的演变作一番讨论了。驻足上海的中心——人民广场的上空，从人们通常不可能到达的视角观赏上海博物馆、上海大剧院，以及上海历史博物馆。飞到环球港，便可以俯视1950年代的地标——曹杨新村。接下来从长宁龙之梦，俯瞰绿意朦胧的中山公园。现在来到芮欧百货，静安寺和静安公园尽收眼底。接着，来到1988年建成的新锦江大酒店，上海申字形高架道路网一览无余。改革开放后，为了促进城市发展，上海加速推进城市快速道路建设。在新锦江大酒店顶层的旋转餐厅眺目而望，直观地感受到高架道路建设对城市空间的影响。打浦桥地区是改革开放和旧区改造的早期先例，来到打浦桥地区，从斯格威铂尔曼酒店感受城市面貌和形态的持续变化，并从另一个角度回望黄浦江。
《行走地图》的第三部分是着重解读垂直生长的城市新面貌，以东方明珠电视塔、陆家嘴中央商务区、苏州河治理、北外滩滨江公共空间、后世博园区的当代艺术博物馆，以及虹桥商务区为例，向读者解说上海的城市空间变化，展示功能转型时期的城市空间演变。
这本书的作者是一群有着建筑学专业背景的师生，他们满怀理想，希望以他们的所学所知，为公众提供阅读城市的新视角。他们以精心挑选的“新沪上18景”的公共开放空间为观察点，在通过航拍摄影向读者呈现独特空中视野的同时，叙述城市的发展脉络，从不同的角度为读者提供阅读上海和感知上海的新方式。
郑时龄
中国科学院院士
Walk Over the City
In many mythology stories, people have imagined traveling freely through the city on a magic flying carpet. In 1980, there was an idea of flying carpet-like personal aircraft soaring across the sky; in 1982, police cars appeared shuttling aerially in the movie Blade Runner. Flying automobiles have become the form of future transportation in all kinds of fantasies. Shanghai Skywalkers allows you to experience the fun of “flying” and to “read” Shanghai, from a special perspective.
Unless one is a 1,000-meter-tall giant, flying is the only way to navigate a city full of skyscrapers. In fact, walking on the “Shanghai Skywalkers” is just like flying without obstacles. The walkers will see the city as a great piece of “Land art” in three dimensions from multiple perspectives. During the leisurely wandering in the sky, “new continents” might be discovered in the populated city. Walking through the aerial public space in the center of Shanghai, the broad views from a high altitude definitely will bring people surprises and new visual impact. The “flight routes” in Shanghai Skywalkers cover many skyscraper landmarks in Shanghai. Standing on the public space of high-rise buildings, people can look much further like a bird overlooks the city vastly. It seems that nothing is left out of the view and the whole world is in your eyes. Here, we talk about the history of this city, historical buildings, hustle and bustle, traffic, urban life, and its renewal, with appreciations, explanations, impressions, and comments.
Shanghai Skywalkers contains many precious photographic works some are taken from a rare perspective which hardly can be reached in daily life. A scholar once said: “Photography is sometimes more authentic than reality, through the camera, photography teaches people a new method to observe the world.” Photography is reflecting and creating a reality at the same time; therefore, “reading” photographs is to understand how to relate the objects in camera lens with the surrounding environment and culture; more importantly, it is to understand the connotation of the images, to reveal the reality hidden behind photographs and the reality created by photography. From this perspective, photography is not only documentary or performance; architectural photography creates reality through new visual representations.
Aerial photography atlases exist for many cities and regions, and I like to collect them as well. Usually, they are captivating from an aerial perspective, but Shanghai Skywalkers goes much deeper into the city public space and much better explains and interprets the significance of city public space.
First of all, Shanghai Skywalkers reviews the history by viewing the Bund. The Bund is an important landmark of Shanghai. It has witnessed the history of Shanghai for hundreds of years. The next stop is the Old Town area. That is the root of Shanghai. After visiting these places, we ?y to the South Bund to overlook the Huangpu River and look at the Lujiazui CBD in Pudong. We then proceed to the Suzhou Creek to visit the Ferris wheel in the Jing’an Joy City. Afterwards, we fly to the Radisson Blu Hotel Shanghai New World, another landmark of Shanghai, on West Nanjing Road. On the top roof of the hotel, we can overlook “the first street of China, East Nanjing Road.” The following spot will be another central activity area in Shanghai, Xujiahui, where we can study the historical changes of the city.
Subsequently, back to the rocket-shaped Tomorrow Square Shanghai Skywalkers focuses on the modern evolution of urban space. The People’s Square is the center of Shanghai, and over it we can overlook the Shanghai Museum, the Shanghai Grand Theatre, and the Shanghai History Museum from different perspectives that people wouldn’t normally see. Inadvertently, we shift our sight to the Global Harbor, where we can look down at the Caoyang Community, a landmark of the 1950s. Later, we ?y to Cloud Nine, enjoying the scenery of Zhongshan Park in the haze. Now we arrive at Réel Department Store, Jing’an Temple and Jing’an Park are in the views. At last, we land onto the Jin Jiang Tower Hotel which was built in 1988. The “申” (shen, the Chinese abbreviation of Shanghai)-shaped elevated road network is a complete entirety in our eyes. After the Reform and Opening-up, Shanghai accelerated the construction of urban highways to further promote urban development. From the revolving restaurant on the top floor of Jin Jiang Tower Hotel, we can directly feel the impact of the construction of the elevated road on the urban space. The Dapuqiao area is a precedent for the Reform and Opening-up and the reconstruction of old districts. Here, we can feel the changes of the city from the Pullman Shanghai Skyway Hotel, and look back at the Huangpu River from another angle.
The third part of Shanghai Skywalkers interprets the new appearance of the vertically growing city, taking in the Oriental Pearl Radio & TV Tower, Lujiazui CBD, the governance of Suzhou Creek, the North Bund public space, Power Station of Art in the Post-World Expo Park, and the Hongqiao CBD as examples; each of them shows the evolution of urban space in the period of transformation.
The authors of this book are a group of passionate and aspiring teachers and students majoring in architecture. Taking 18 key public open spaces as observation points, they use photographs to present readers a unique aerial view while to narrate the development of the city and provide a new perspective to read and perceive Shanghai.
Zheng Shiling
鄂公网安备 42010302001612号 