CONTENTSIntroduction ....................................................................................................... 004Chapter I Realizing National Independence and People’s LiberationThe National Crisis in Modern China and the Rise of Revolutionary Movements...... 014The Spread of Marxism and Leninism and the Founding of the CommunistParty of China..................................................................................................... 018National Revolution against the Western Powers and Chinese Warlords........... 022Opening a Revolutionary Road: Armed Struggles and Enclosing Citieswith Rural Areas................................................................................................. 026Organizing the Broad Masses to Fight the Japanese Invaders............................ 029Founding of the People’s Republic of China (PRC)........................................... 035Chapter II Establishing the Socialist System, Beginning Large-scaleConstructionConsolidating the New Government and Restoring the National Economy...... 042Carrying out Land Reform and Social Reform................................................... 045Beginning to Turn a Backward Agricultural Country into a FairlyAdvanced Industrial One.................................................................................... 048Establishing the Socialist Political System......................................................... 052Persuing Independent, Self-determined Foreign Policies of Peace.................... 058Seeking a Road of Chinese Socialist Construction and Initial Success ofEconomic Work................................................................................................... 063Chapter III Onto the Road of the Construction of Socialism with ChineseCharacteristicsTurning Point in the History of the Party and the PRC...................................... 070Reform and Opening-up, and the Establishment of Socialist Market Economy.......074Political Structure Reform and Establishment of Democracy and Rule of Law.......089Beginning of a New Diplomatic Situation.......................................................... 103Building Modernized National Defense............................................................. 108Promoting the State Reunification Process......................................................... 113Building an All-round Well-off and Harmonious Socialist Society.................... 120Chapter IV Socialism with Chinese Characteristics Has Crossed theThreshold into the New EraPutting Forward Goals and Making Strategic Deployments for the New Era.... 138Promoting Quality Economic Development and ComprehensivelyDeepening Reform and Opening-up................................................................... 143Adhering to the Path of Political Progress with Chinese Characteristics........... 153Promoting the Prosperity of Socialist Culture.................................................... 158Adhering to the People’s Supremacy, Ensuring and Improving LivingStandards through Development......................................................................... 162Implementing the Most Stringent System of Protecting the EcologicalEnvironment and Building a Beautiful China..................................................... 173Comprehensively Building World-class Forces and SafeguardingChina’s Sovereignty, Security, and Development Interests................................ 178New Progress in the Work Related to Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan............ 185Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind and PromotingCooperation under the BRI................................................................................. 193Strengthening the CPC’s Overall Leadership and Self-governance................... 206Concluding Remarks ..................................................................................... 215