Energy minerals have been indispensable for the development of human society and the national economies. This book mainly focuses on introducing the basic knowledge, mining and recovery methods, utilization, status and development trends of various earth-related sectors. The aim is to enable understanding of the important role these resources play in the development of society and economies so that one can objectively,comprehensively and scientifically evaluate the impacts that the exploitation and utilization of energy minerals exert on society,enhance a sense of social responsibility and consid er environmental awareness and sustainable development. The book consists of 9 chapters, including chapters describing coal, petroleum, conventional natural gas, geothermal energy, uranium and thorium, shale gas, other energy minerals, as well as sustainable development.This book can be used as teaching material for undergraduates with energy related majors and can also be used as a reference for professional engineering and technical personnel.