中国经济（双语版）

1 中国经济的自然条件和基础0011.1 地形0011.2 气候与环境0021.3 行政区划0041.4 自然资源0061.5 基础设施0072 中国经济的历史发展(1949年以前)0102.1 古代和近代中国的小农经济0102.2 现代化的开端(1912—1937年)0122.3 战争状态下的经济(1937—1949年)0132.4 新中国建立时的经济基础0143 中国经济的发展和探索(1949—1978年)0153.1 国民经济恢复时期(1949—1952年)0153.2 “一五”计划与“三大改造”(1953—1957年)0153.3 “大跃进”和人民公社化运动(1958—1960年)0173.4 国民经济的调整(1961—1965年)0183.5 “文化大革命”时期(1966—1976年)0183.6 决定性的转折(1977—1978年)0193.7 1949—1978年经济发展和探索的总结0204 中国经济的改革和转型(1978年以后)0224.1 1978年的伟大历史转折0224.2 改革启动和局部试验阶段(1978—1984年)0234.3 改革全面探索阶段(1984—1992年)0264.4 初步建立社会主义市场经济体制阶段(1992—2000年)0284.5 完善社会主义市场经济体制阶段(2000年至今)0305 改革开放以来中国的经济与社会发展0335.1 改革开放以来中国的经济发展成就0335.2 经济结构调整与增长方式转变0355.3 改革开放以来的中国社会发展0365.4 改革开放以来中国经济社会发展的主要经验与启示0396 中国的对外开放与国际贸易0416.1 对外开放政策的基本内涵0416.2 中国对外开放的进程0436.3 中国国际贸易的发展0476.4 中国对外贸易政策的演变0557 中国的农村改革0577.1 家庭联产承包责任制0577.2 农产品流通体制改革0607.3 中国农村改革的经验与思考0648 农业生产与农业产业化0668.1 中国的农业现代化0668.2 乡村振兴与中国农业的未来发展0719 中国特色的国有企业制度改革0749.1 社会主义计划经济体制和国有企业制度的建立0749.2 改革开放初期国有企业改革探索：放权让利和承包经营责任制改革0789.3 20世纪90年代初期国有企业改革：股份制改革和现代企业制度0809.4 新时代中国特色现代国有企业制度全面完善：混合所有制改革08210 工业化进程与城市发展08510.1 社会主义工业化道路的形成08510.2 改革开放后社会主义市场经济下的工业化08910.3 2012年以来中国特色社会主义工业化建设09110.4 改革开放以来中国的城市发展：工业化与城镇化09311 中国的宏观经济政策和财税体制09711.1 中国宏观经济政策的演变09711.2 中国的公共财政体制10111.3 财政收入和财政支出10311.4 财政体制改革10712 中国现代金融体系的改革与建立11012.1 中国金融体系改革的阶段性回顾11012.2 中国的金融体系11312.3 中国金融体系改革的基本经验12012.4 中国金融体系发展的趋势和未来展望12213 中国特色的经济发展模式12413.1 中国特色社会主义市场经济模式12413.2 经济增长和社会发展的“中国奇迹”12714新时代的发展理念与发展格局13214.1 新发展理念的提出及其内涵13214.2 新发展格局的内涵及特点134Contents1 Natural Conditions and Foundation of the Chinese Economy 1371.1 Terrain 1371.2 Climate and Environment 1391.3 Administrative Division 1421.4 Natural Resources 1451.5 Infrastructure 1472 Historical Development of Chinese Economy(Before 1949) 1512.1 The “Small-Scale Farming” in Ancient and Modern China1512.2 The Beginning of Modernization(19121937)1542.3 The Economy under the State of War(19371949)1562.4 The Economic Foundation at the Establishment of New China1563 Development and Exploration of Chinese Economy(1949-1978) 1583.1 The Period of National Economic Recovery(1949-1952) 1583.2 The “First Five-Year Plan” and “Three Socialist Transformations” (1953-1957) 1593.3 The “Great Leap Forward” and the People’s Commune Movement(1958-1960) 1613.4 Adjustment of the National Economy(1961-1965) 1633.5 The “Cultural Revolution” Period(1966-1976) 1643.6 The Decisive Turning Point(1977-1978) 1643.7 Summary of Economic Development and Exploration from 1949 to 1978 1664 Reform and Transformation of Chinese Economy(after 1978) 1694.1 The Great Historical Turning Point of 1978 1694.2 The Stage of Reform Initiation and Experiment(1978-1984) 1714.3 The Stage of Comprehensive Exploration of Reform(1984-1992) 1764.4 The Stage of Establishing the Socialist Market Economy(1992-2000) 1794.5 The Stage of Improving the Socialist Market Economic System(2000 to Present) 1835 Economic and Social Development in China since the Reform and Opening Up 1875.1 Achievements of Economic Development in China since the Reform and Opening Up 1875.2 Adjustment of Economic Structure and Transformation of Growth Pattern 1905.3 Social Development in China since Reform and Opening Up 1935.4 Main Experience and Enlightenment of China’s Economic and Social Development since the Reform and Opening Up 1976 Opening Up to the Outside World and International Trade of China2006.1 Basic Connotation for the Policy of Opening Up to the Outside World 2016.2The Process of China’s Opening Up to the Outside World 2036.3Development of China’s International Trade 2096.4The Evolution of China’s Foreign Trade Policies 2187 Rural Reform in China 2217.1 Household Contract Responsibility System 2227.2 Reform of the Agricultural Product Circulation System 2267.3 Experience and Thoughts on China’s Rural Reform 2338 Agricultural Production and Agricultural Industrialization 2368.1 Agricultural Modernization in China 2368.2 Rural Revitalization and the Future Development of China’s Agriculture 2439 Reform of the State-Owned Enterprise System with Chinese Characteristics 2489.1 Establishment of the Socialist Planned Economic System and the State-Owned Enterprise System 2489.2 Exploration for Reform of the State-Owned Enterprise in the Early Stage of the Reform and Opening Up：Decentralization of Power and Transfer of Profits and Contract Management Responsibility System Reform 2549.3 Reform of State-Owned Enterprises in the Early 1990s：Shareholding System Reform and Modern Enterprise System 2599.4 Comprehensive Improvement of Modern State-Owned Enterprise System with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era：Mixed-Ownership Reform 26210 Industrialization Process and Urban Development 26710.1 The Formation of Socialist Industrialization Path 26710.2 Industrialization under the Socialist Market Economic System after the Reform and Opening Up 27310.3 Construction of Socialist Industrialization with Chinese Characteristics since 2012 27710.4 Urban Development in China since the Reform and Opening Up：Industrialization and Urbanization 28011 China’s Macro-Economic Policies and Fiscal and Taxation System 28711.1 The Evolution of China’s Macro-Economic Policies 28711.2 China’s Public Fiscal System 29411.3 Fiscal Revenue and Expenditure 29811.4 Restructuring of the Fiscal System 30312 Reform and Establishment of China’s Modern Financial System 30712.1 The Stage Review of China’s Financial System Restructuring 30712.2 China’s Financial System 31212.3 Basic Experience of China’s Financial System Reform 32412.4 The Development Trend and Future Prospects of China’s Financial System 32713 The Economic Development Model with Chinese Characteristics 33013.1 The Socialist Market Economic Model with Chinese Characteristics33013.2 “China’s Miracle” of Economic Growth and Social Development 33614 Development Philosophy and Pattern in the New Era 34314.1 The Proposal and Connotation of the New Development Philosophy 34314.2 The Connotation and Characteristic of the New Development Pattern 346参考文献References 351